MERS-CoV continues to cause human outbreaks, so far in 27 countries worldwide following the first registered epidemic in Saudi Arabia in 2012. In this......
In a phase 1 randomized, single-center clinical trial, inactivated influenza virus vaccine delivered through dissolvable microneedle patches (MNPs) wa......
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), produced by Clostridium botulinum, is generally known to be the most poisonous of all biological toxins. In this study, w......
The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of vaccines can be enhanced by the selective delivery of antigens to the antigen-presenting cells (APCs). I......
The development of adjuvants has been an empirical process. Efforts to develop a new design and evaluation system for novel adjuvants are not only des......
We previously developed a temperature-sensitive, and NS1 gene deleted live attenuated influenza vaccine (DelNS1-LAIV) and demonstrated its potent prot......
The vaccine efficacy of standard-dose seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines (S-IIV) can be improved by the use of vaccines with higher antigen conte......
Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) was recently approved as a smallpox vaccine. Variola is transmitted by respiratory droplets and MVA immunization by ski......
Neutralizing antibody responses of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients may be low and of short duration. We propose here that coronaviruses employ a structur......
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the only vaccine proven to be effective against tuberculosis (TB), is the most commonly used vaccine globally. In addi......
A worldwide effort to counter the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in hundreds of candidate vaccines moving through various stages of research and devel......
The mosquito-borne Zika virus is an emerging pathogen from the Flavivirus genus for which there are no approved antivirals or vaccines. Using the clin......
The outbreak of 2019-novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that is caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly in China, and has developed to be a Public H......
The impact of intestinal microbiota on mucosal antibody response to the polio vaccine is poorly understood. We examined changes in vaccine-induced int......
Consultations have been held to promote the revision of the WHO guidelines for assuring the quality and nonclinical safety evaluation of DNA vaccines ......
