Lancet:Roux-en-Y胃旁路手术对2型糖尿病的治疗结果

2015-05-13 MedSci MedSci原创

对于2型糖尿病患者来说,常规治疗往往是不够的。本研究的目的是评估糖尿病控制的成果,以及将Roux-en-Y胃旁路术增加到强化生活方式和医疗管理后2年的治疗风险。    研究人员在四个教学医院(三个在美国,一个在台湾地区)进行了了5年的随机试验(糖尿病外科研究),此报告为该试验的2年结果。在基线时,合格参与者的糖化血红蛋白的至少为8.0%(64mmol/mol),体重指

对于2型糖尿病患者来说,常规治疗往往是不够的。本研究的目的是评估糖尿病控制的成果,以及将Roux-en-Y胃旁路术增加到强化生活方式和医疗管理后2年的治疗风险。
    
研究人员在四个教学医院(三个在美国,一个在台湾地区)进行了了5年的随机试验(糖尿病外科研究),此报告为该试验的2年结果。在基线时,合格参与者的糖化血红蛋白的至少为8.0%(64mmol/mol),体重指数在30.0-39.9kg/m2之间,患2型糖尿病至少6个月,年龄为30-67岁。

研究人员将参与者随机分配为接受强化生活方式和单独的医疗管理(生活方式和医疗管理),或生活方式和医疗管理加上标准Roux-en-Y胃旁路手术。直到2年的随访结束时,临床中心的工作人员还只接触到个别患者的数据,但并不知道其他病人的数据和汇总数据。高血糖,高血压,血脂异常的药物都是按规定的处方给药。主要终点是在12个月时实现糖化血红蛋白的复合治疗目标小于7.0%(53),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇小于2.59mmol/L,收缩压低于130mmHg;在这里我们报告了24个月的综合结果和其他预先计划的次要结果。分析是在一个意向性治疗的基础上完成的,具有多个插补缺失数据。
    
在2008年4月21日到2011年11月21日之间,我们随机分配120例符合条件的患者单独接受生活方式和医疗管理(n=60),或增加胃旁路手术(n=60)。一名患者在生活方式和医疗管理组(胰腺癌)死亡,因此只有119例患者被列入初步分析。在2年内,胃旁道手术组比生活方式和医疗管理组有更多的参与者达到复合终点(26[43%] VS 8[14%];比值比5.1[95%Cl 2.0-12.6],P =0.0004),这一结果主要是通过改善血糖控制实现的(糖化血红蛋白<7.0%[53mmol/mol],45[75%] VS 14[24%];治疗差异-1.9%(-2.5-1.4);P=0.0001)。胃旁路术组有46例发生临床上重要的不良事件,25例发生在生活方式和医疗管理组(两组中的主要感染[生活方式和医疗管理组有4例,胃旁路术组有8例])。通过负二项式模型的调整后,胃旁路术组的不良事件发生率并没有明显高于生活方式和医疗管理组(95%Cl 0.98-2.87,P=0.06)。在这两年的研究中,胃旁路手术组有七例严重摔倒并有五例骨折,而生活方式和医疗管理组有3例严重摔伤1例发生骨折。所有的骨折事件都发生在女性身上。尽管使用营养补充剂,在胃旁路术组还是发生了更多的营养不足现象(主要是缺乏铁,白蛋白,钙,和维生素D)。
    
2型糖尿病患者的生活方式和医疗管理治疗中加入胃旁路手术可以改善糖尿病控制,但不良事件和营养缺乏却更频繁。需要更广泛和更长时间的研究来探讨胃旁路手术对2型糖尿病的利益和风险是否可以平衡。

原始出处:

Michael D Jensen,Prof Adrian Vella,Leaque Ahmed,Prof Kumar Belani,et al.Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for diabetes (the Diabetes Surgery Study): 2-year outcomes of a 5-year, randomised, controlled trial,Lancet,2015.5.12

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    2015-07-11 howi
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    2015-05-13 huaxipanxing

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