Diabetologia:睡前服用降压药可降低患糖尿病风险?

2015-09-28 徐媛 MedSci原创

本项研究旨在评估睡前服用降压药是否比早上醒来服药能更好的改善血压控制并降低糖尿病风险。研究人员进行了一项前瞻性、随机、非盲法试验,并纳入2012名无糖尿病的高血压患者,其中1,036名为女性,男性976名,平均年龄在52.7±13.6岁。参与者随机分配到并利用计算机生成配置表,分别是在清晨醒来后服用所有降压药物和在睡前服用≥1种降压药物两组。本项研究平均随访5.9年。在随访期间,171名参与者新患

本项研究旨在评估睡前服用降压药是否比早上醒来服药能更好的改善血压控制并降低糖尿病风险。

研究人员进行了一项前瞻性、随机、非盲法试验,并纳入2012名无糖尿病高血压患者,其中1,036名为女性,男性976名,平均年龄在52.7±13.6岁。参与者随机分配到并利用计算机生成配置表,分别是在清晨醒来后服用所有降压药物和在睡前服用≥1种降压药物两组。

本项研究平均随访5.9年。在随访期间,171名参与者新患2型糖尿病。与清晨服药组相比,睡前服药组患者的平均收缩压和舒张压水平较低(P < 0.001),动态血压控制的良好。与睡前服药患者相比,清晨服药患者中非杓型血压的比例更高(32% vs 52%; P < 0.001)。睡前服药患者和清晨服药患者发生率分别为4.8%和12.1%。在调整空腹血糖、腰围、动态血压、血压“杓型”模式和慢性肾脏病等因素后发现,睡前服药患者新发糖尿病的风险较低(HR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.31-0.61)。研究人员观察了更多血管紧张素受体阻滞剂治疗结果,服用ARB患者HR为0.39 [0.22, 0.69],p < 0.001,服用ACEI患者HR为0.31 [0.12, 0.79],p = 0.015,服用β阻滞剂患者HR为0.35 [0.14, 0.85],p = 0.021。

在无糖尿病的高血压患者与清晨服药相比,睡前服用降压药物患糖尿病的风险较低,主要是因为调制或阻断血管紧张素ⅱ的影响,而摄入所有此类药物改善动态血压以及控制睡着后收缩压以及舒张压,从而进一步大幅减少和降低糖尿病的风险。

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    2015-09-28 邓思静

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有充分的证据支持:身体素质较好的社区高龄(大于80岁)高血压人群降血压治疗会收益颇多,然而在一些围绕体质虚弱的的老年人观察性研究上,没有显示出降压治疗的优势,甚至出现了降压可能增加患病率、死亡率。 为评估养老院年龄大于80岁的老年人的全因死亡率和收缩压水平以及服用降压药量的关系,研究者开展了这项研究。这项纵向观察研究的观察群体是养老院的高龄老人,研究者分析了低收缩压(<130 mm Hg