JCI:肿瘤相关microRNA调节糖脂代谢改善糖尿病

2015-05-14 佚名 生物谷

近日,美国华人科学家Wendong Huang在著名国际学术期刊JCI在线发表了一项最新研究进展。 2型糖尿病中一部分病人以胰岛素抵抗为主,病人多肥胖,因胰岛素抵抗,胰岛素敏感性下降,血中胰岛素增高以补偿其胰岛素抵抗,但相对病人的高血糖而言,胰岛素分泌仍相对不足,除此之外,糖尿病病人还存在肝脏葡萄糖合成增加。但到目前为止,导致这些异常症状发生的具体分子机制仍没有得到很好的了解。&nbsp

近日,美国华人科学家Wendong Huang在著名国际学术期刊JCI在线发表了一项最新研究进展。
 
2型糖尿病中一部分病人以胰岛素抵抗为主,病人多肥胖,因胰岛素抵抗,胰岛素敏感性下降,血中胰岛素增高以补偿其胰岛素抵抗,但相对病人的高血糖而言,胰岛素分泌仍相对不足,除此之外,糖尿病病人还存在肝脏葡萄糖合成增加。但到目前为止,导致这些异常症状发生的具体分子机制仍没有得到很好的了解。
 
MicroRNA是一类小的非编码RNA,在包括2型糖尿病在内的许多疾病病理过程中发挥重要作用。MiR-26是一个在肿瘤发生过程中扮演重要角色的microRNA,但其在代谢中的作用一直没有研究。
 
在该项研究中,研究人员发现miR-26能够调节胰岛素信号通路以及糖脂代谢,并且相比于较瘦的个体,超重人群肝脏中的miR-26表达发生下降,同时miR-26在2型糖尿病小鼠模型中也发生表达下调。将miR-26进行全身性或肝脏特异性过表达,都会导致高脂饮食喂养小鼠的胰岛素敏感性增加,降低肝脏葡萄糖产生,降低脂肪酸合成,因此抵抗肥胖诱导的代谢综合症。与此相反,当对内源性miR-26表达进行抑制,正常饮食情况下,小鼠也会出现胰岛素敏感性下降,葡萄糖合成增加以及脂肪酸合成增加等代谢紊乱表型。研究人员对具体分子机制进行探究发现miR-26能够靶向肝脏代谢和胰岛素信号途径中的几个关键调控因子,从而实现对代谢的改善效应。
 
这项研究揭示了在肿瘤发生中具有重要作用的miR-26对肝脏代谢也具有重要调控作用,miR-26或可成为靶向治疗2型糖尿病的潜在药物靶点发挥重要应用价值。

原始出处:

Xianghui Fu, Bingning Dong, Yan Tian,Philippe Lefebvre,Zhipeng Meng,et al.MicroRNA-26a regulates insulin sensitivity and metabolism of glucose and lipids.JCI.May 11, 2015

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    2016-04-25 xjy02
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    2015-05-17 huaxipanxing

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    2015-05-16 zhouqu_8
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    2015-05-16 huangdf

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