JAMA Netw Open:戒烟后体重增加会增加死亡风险吗?

2021-04-28 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

众所周知,香烟中含有大约1200多种化学物质,其中对人体有危害作用的就有130多种,主要以尼古丁、焦油、一氧化碳及其他致癌物质对人体损害最大。

众所周知,香烟中含有大约1200多种化学物质,其中对人体有危害作用的就有130多种,主要以尼古丁、焦油、一氧化碳及其他致癌物质对人体损害最大。诸多研究显示,戒烟好处多多,比如增寿,拯救大脑,改善心血管健康以及降低癌症的发生等。

pixabay

然而,科学家也存在一定的担忧,戒烟后体重的增加可能会削弱戒烟的益处,增加慢性病的风险。已有证据显示,戒烟后体重的增加可能会增加心血管和糖尿病风险。也有证据表明,戒烟后体重增加与心血管疾病发生风险或死亡率之间没有显著相关性。那么,戒烟后是否会增加慢病及癌症的发生风险或死亡风险?

427日,发表在JAMA Netw Open杂志的一项研究显示,无论戒烟后体重和体重指数如何变化,戒烟者的死亡风险均比继续吸烟者低得多。戒烟后体重变化和体重指数变化均与心血管疾病,2型糖尿病,癌症或慢性阻塞性肺疾病的风险没有显著相关性。

在这项队列研究中,研究人员分析了来自2006年到2014年间18岁以上的16663名澳大利亚参与者。通过每年自我报告收集参与者的吸烟状况以及健康状况。另外,使用Cox回归模型来确定体重和体重指数(BMI)的变化与心血管疾病,2型糖尿病,癌症,COPD和死亡率之间的风险比(HRs)。

结果显示,在16663名参与者中,男性有8082名,女性有8581名,平均年龄为43.7岁,戒烟者的体重平均增加3.14千克,BMI值平均增加0.82

参与者基线特征.

与继续吸烟者相比,体重下降的戒烟者的死亡HRs0.5095% CI0.36-0.68),体重没有变化的戒烟者的死亡HRs0.7995% CI0.51-0.98),体重增加0.1-5.0公斤的戒烟者的死亡HRs0.3395% CI0. 21-0.51),体重增加5.1-10公斤的戒烟者中的死亡HRs0.2495%CI0.11-0.53),以及体重增加10公斤以上的戒烟者中的死亡HRs0.3695%CI0.16-0.82)。

戒烟后体重和BMI的变化.

另外,与继续吸烟者相比,体重指数下降的戒烟者中死亡HRs0.6195% CI0.45-0.83);体重指数没有变化的戒烟者中死亡的HRs0.8695% CI0.51-1.44);在体重指数增加到2的戒烟者中死亡的HRs0.3295% CI0.21-0.50);在体重指数增加2以上的戒烟者中死亡的HRs0.2695% CI0.16-0.45)。

体重和BMI变化与心血管疾病、2型糖尿病和癌症风险之间的关系.

在对戒烟者平均随访6年发现,有1355例发生心血管疾病,865例发生2型糖尿病,1387例发生癌症和812例发生COPD,以及1889例死亡。与持续吸烟者相比,戒烟后体重增加并未显著增加心血管疾病,2型糖尿病,癌症和COPD的风险。然而,无论戒烟后体重如何变化,戒烟与死亡风险显着降低有关。

综上,该研究发现戒烟与体重和BMI的增加显著相关。然而,无论戒烟后体重和BMI变化多少,主要慢性疾病的风险都没有增加。就死亡率而言,戒烟的益处大于风险。

原始出处

Berhe W. Sahle, PhD1,2; Wen Chen, PhD3,4Lal B. Rawal, PhD1,5,6; et al.Weight Gain After Smoking Cessation and Risk of Major Chronic Diseases and Mortality.JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(4):e217044. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.7044

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    2022-01-23 feather89
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    2021-07-08 14674335m17暂无昵称

    处处是科学呀

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    2021-12-10 canlab
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    2021-04-28 carrotlyl

    好研究

    0

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    2021-04-28 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

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