Genet Med:恩格列净治疗Ib型糖原储存病的疗效和安全性

2022-05-10 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

2019年对这种发病机制的阐明暗示了一种治疗选择。6SGLT2抑制剂,如恩格列净,是一种抗糖尿病药物,可抑制肾脏葡萄糖重吸收,从而导致尿糖。

背景:葡萄糖-6-磷酸移位酶(G6PT) (SLC37A4,OMIM 602671)将葡萄糖-6-磷酸从胞质溶胶运送到内质网,在内质网中被葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶水解以产生能量。G6PT的表达无处不在,其缺乏会导致糖原累积病Ib型(GSD Ib) (OMIM 232220),这是一种罕见的常染色体隐性先天性碳水化合物代谢错误,会导致空腹低血糖、肝肿大、中性粒细胞减少和中性粒细胞功能障碍。 1,5-脱水葡萄糖醇-6-磷酸(1,5-AG6P)是葡萄糖-6-磷酸的结构类似物。 G6PT缺乏会导致1,5-AG6P无法消除,其在粒细胞内的积累会导致能量不足和随后的细胞凋亡。

2019年对这种发病机制的阐明暗示了一种治疗选择。6SGLT2抑制剂,如恩格列净,是一种抗糖尿病药物,可抑制肾脏葡萄糖重吸收,从而导致尿糖。尿糖会减少肾脏对1,5-脱水葡萄糖醇(1,5-AG)的重吸收,从而降低其血清浓度。使用恩格列净对6名GSD Ib患者进行个体化治疗,在IBD、溃疡性口腔炎、伤口愈合和贫血方面显示出非常有希望的结果。

目的:本文旨在报告关于Ib型(GSDIb型)糖原累积病患者使用恩格列净的安全性和有效性的集体信息。

方法:这是一项国际回顾性问卷调查研究,旨在探讨使用恩格列净治疗GSD Ib患者中性粒细胞减少症/中性粒细胞功能障碍的安全性和有效性,该研究在全球24个国家的医疗保健提供者中进行。

结果:评估了112名GSD Ib患者的临床资料,代表了总共94个治疗年。开始接受恩格列净治疗的中位年龄为10.5岁(范围= 0-38岁)。恩格列净对所有中性粒细胞功能障碍相关症状均有积极作用,包括口腔和泌尿生殖系统粘膜病变、复发性感染、皮肤脓肿、炎症性肠病和贫血。在开始使用恩格列净之前,大多数GSD Ib患者使用G-CSF(94/112;84%).在调查时,89名先前接受G-CSF治疗的患者中有49名(55%)已经完全停止使用G-CSF,另外15名(17%)能够减少剂量。恩格列净治疗期间最常见的不良事件是低血糖,发生率为18%。

表1使用恩格列净之前和期间的临床表现

表2使用恩格列净期间的不良事件

结论:恩格列净对GSD Ib患者的中性粒细胞减少症/中性粒细胞功能障碍相关症状和安全性有良好的疗效。

原文出处:Grünert SC,  Derks TGJ,  Adrian K, et al.Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in glycogen storage disease type Ib: Data from an international questionnaire.Genet Med 2022 May 02

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    2022-10-05 canlab
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    2022-12-10 cy0324
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