ESMO Open:免疫检查点抑制剂相关的心血管不良事件的真实临床数据

2021-09-04 Nebula MedSci原创

对采用 ICI 治疗的癌症患者进行风险分层和心血管监测至关重要!

免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 可能会导致危及生命的血管不良事件 (CVAE),这可能会影响 ICI 的临床应用。因为限制性资格、有限的样本量和未能预测选定的毒性,临床试验的结果可能低估了 ICI 治疗相关不良事件。

Jain 等评估了在实际人群中的使用 ICI 治疗的 CVAE 的发生率和临床决定因素,研究结果于近日发表在国际期刊《ESMO Open》上。

在2011 年至2018年期间确诊的 2,687,301 位癌症患者中,16,574 位接受过 ICI 抗癌治疗。ICI 组和非 ICI 组的患者按年龄、性别、国家癌症学院共病评分和原发性癌症 1:1 配对。将非 ICI 队列患者既往治疗史进一步分成化疗组(n=2875)或靶向治疗组(n=4611)。通过诊断和计费代码识别和分析所有 CVAE、治疗开始后发生的非心脏免疫相关不良事件、基线共病和治疗细节。

两治疗队列的各种心血管不良事件的累积发生率

ICI 组和非 ICI 组患者的中位年龄分别是 61 岁和 65 岁(p<0.001)。ICI 组患者主要是男性(p<0.001)。最常见的癌症为肺癌(43.1%)、黑色素瘤(30.4%)和肾细胞癌(9.9%)。在该研究数据中,ICI 组发生率由高到低的 CVAE 为卒中(4.6%)、心衰(3.5%)、房颤(2.1%)、传导异常(1.5%)、心肌梗死(0.9%)、心肌炎(0.05%)、血管炎(0.05%)和心包炎(0.02%)。

抗细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞相关蛋白 4 可增加心衰和卒中风险(与抗 PD-1 相比的风险比[HR] 分别是 1.9 和 1.7)。肺炎与 ICI 组患者的心衰和脑炎合并传导异常风险增加相关(HR 分别是 2.61 和 4.35)。在校正的 Cox 比例风险模型中,高龄、原发性癌症、肾炎和抗细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞相关蛋白 4 疗法均与 CVAE 风险普遍相关。

总之,该研究结果强调了对采用 ICI 治疗的癌症患者进行风险分层和心血管监测的重要性。

原始出处:

Jain P,Gutierrez Bugarin J,Guha A et al. Cardiovascular adverse events are associated with usage of immune checkpoint inhibitors in real-world clinical data across the United States.[J] .ESMO Open, 2021, 6: 100252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100252

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    2022-06-23 liuhuangbo
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    2021-11-26 feather89
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    2021-12-04 jklm09
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    2021-09-06 zhang92560
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