2022 ASCO:诱导方法对新诊断急性髓系白血病(AML)老年人干细胞移植后(SCT)结局的影响

2022-06-02 紫菀款冬 MedSci原创

讨论不同诱导方案对新诊断急性髓系白血病(AML)老年人干细胞移植后(SCT)结局的影响。

背景:适合接受SCT的老年AML患者的最佳诱导方案尚未确定。

方法:对127名年龄≥60 岁的新诊断AML患者进行回顾性分析,这些患者在2012年9月至2021年7月接受了异基因SCT治疗达到首次缓解。排除了既往接受过AML治疗的继发性患者。患者根据接受的诱导治疗分为三组:强化化疗(IC)(n = 44)、无维奈托克 (VEN)的低强度治疗(LIT) (n = 36)和 LIT联合VEN 治疗(n = 47)。根据所接受的诱导方案,比较了总生存期(OS)、无复发生存期(RFS)、累积复发率(CIR)和非复发死亡率(NRM)。

结果:接受IC的患者比接受或不接受VEN的LIT患者年轻(中位年龄:63岁 vs. 68岁;P < 0.0001),并且在AML诊断时更可能有ECOG表现状态为0(34% vs. 14%;P = 0.02)。三组之间的细胞分子风险平衡良好,IC、LIT无VEN组和LIT联合VEN组中不良细胞分子特征的发生率分别为43%、50%和55%。3组供体来源和HLA匹配程度相似。

在VEN联合LIT组中,大多数患者(92%)在SCT前接受了降低强度的调节,而IC组和无VEN的LIT组中的这一比例分别为54%和58%。大多数患者在SCT前达CR/CRi(IC队列:100%,LIT无VEN:94%,LIT联合VEN:92%);其余的则以MLF作为最佳回应。通过流式细胞仪检测SCT前的可测量残留病(MRD)的阴性率,VEN联合LIT组(69%)高于IC组(58%)和无VEN的LIT组(49%)(P=0.14)。

在所有组中,SCT前化疗周期的中位数均为3。SCT后的中位随访时间为37个月。接受IC或LIT联合VEN的患者2 年CIR 相似(分别为18%和19%),而接受LIT不伴VEN的患者2年CIR最高(36%)。2年NRM在伴有VEN的LIT患者中最低(11%),在IC或不伴VEN的LIT患者中分别为27%和22%,(IC组与伴有VEN的LIT组相比,P=0.02)。IC、LIT无VEN和LIT伴VEN的患者接受SCT后1年RFS分别为58%、50%和75%,2年RFS分别为54%、42%和62%。SCT后1年OS分别为63%、58%和84%,2年OS分别为58%、44%和73%。与不伴VEN的LIT相比,VEN联合LIT组的OS在统计学上更有优势(P=0.02);与IC相比,VEN联合LIT的OS更有优势(P=0.17)。

结论:与IC相比,伴有VEN的LIT与相似的CIR率和较低的NRM相关。尽管伴有VEN的LIT队列中的患者年龄较大,但他们的SCT后生存结果并不劣于接受IC的患者,而且可能优于接受IC的患者。这些结果表明,对于符合SCT条件且新诊断为AML的老年患者,采用VEN联合LIT是一种有效的诱导策略

原始出处:

Faustine Ong, et al. Impact of induction approach on post-stem cell transplant (SCT) outcomes in older adults with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

https://meetings.asco.org/abstracts-presentations/209567

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    2023-04-14 quxin068
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    2022-08-22 rgjl
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