Eur Heart J:利多卡因与阿片类药物对替格瑞洛抗血小板活性的影响

2021-08-24 Nebula MedSci原创

利多卡因或可替代芬太尼用于经皮冠状动脉介入治疗期间的常规程序性镇痛

阿片类药物(包括吗啡、可待因、芬太尼等)仍然是处理心肌缺血疼痛的首选止痛剂。口服P2Y12抑制剂是心肌梗死治疗的基石。有回顾性研究对阿片类药物和P2Y12抑制剂之间的潜在相互作用提出了关注。提出的机制之一是:阿片类药物诱导的胃轻瘫可导致口服P2Y12抑制剂胃肠道吸收受损。

本研究在不稳定型心绞痛和非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者中评估了静脉注射芬太尼和利多卡因对替格瑞洛的药代动力学和药效学的影响,以及其程序性镇痛的效果和安全性。

药动学和药效学分析纳入了70位服用替格瑞洛并进行了冠脉造影的患者,随机分至两组(各35位),后续随访了30天。

两组替格瑞洛(A)及其活性代谢产物(B)的血浆浓度变化

芬太尼组予以负荷剂量的芬太尼后2小时的血浆替格瑞洛水平明显低于利多卡因组(598 vs 1008 ng/mL, P=0.014)。芬太尼组替格瑞洛及其活性代谢产物的血浆时间曲线下面积明显低于利多卡因组(替格瑞洛:1228 vs 2753 ng h/mL, P<0.001;代谢物:201 vs 447 ng h/mL, P=0.001)。与利多卡因组相比,芬太尼组60分钟时活化血小板糖蛋白受体和P-选择素的表达水平显著升高(平均荧光强度:2829 vs 1426, P=0.006;439 vs 211, P=0.001)。

两组血小板反应性较高的患者比例

采用多平台分析仪,芬太尼组治疗60分钟时血小板反应性较高的患者比例较高(41% vs 9%,P=0.002);采用VerifyNow或VASP实验进行分析时,芬太尼组治疗120分钟时血小板反应性较高的患者比例较高(VerifyNow:30% vs 3%, P=0.003;VASP:37% vs 6%, P=0.002)。两种药物的耐受性良好,都具有很高的患者满意度。

综上,与芬太尼不同,利多卡因不会影响替格瑞洛的生物利用度或延迟其抗血小板作用。两种药物均具有良好的耐受性和有效性,患者对程序性镇痛的满意度较高。该研究结果提示,应重新考虑经皮冠状动脉介入治疗期间的常规程序性镇痛,如需要,利多卡因是芬太尼的有益替代品。

原始出处:

Fernando Himawan,Duong Thy,Huynh Kevin et al. Effects of lignocaine vs. opioids on antiplatelet activity of ticagrelor: the LOCAL trial.[J] .Eur Heart J, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab557

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    2021-08-26 lhlxtx
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    2021-08-26 zhaojie88
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    2021-08-26 slcumt
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    2021-08-25 查查佳佳

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