Leukemia:儿童急性早幼粒细胞白血病开展精准诊治研究进展

2019-01-13 夏琳 上海儿童医学中心

国家儿童医学中心、上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心血液肿瘤科李本尚教授、汤静燕教授团队近日在血液学权威学术杂志《Leukemia》发表了关于儿童急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)精准诊治方面的研究成果(The genetics and clinical characteristics of children morphologically diagnosed as acute promyeloc

国家儿童医学中心、上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心血液肿瘤科李本尚教授、汤静燕教授团队近日在血液学权威学术杂志《Leukemia》发表了关于儿童急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)精准诊治方面的研究成果(The genetics and clinical characteristics of children morphologically diagnosed as acute promyelocytic leukemia)。该项研究证明了下一代测序技术在APL分子分型方面具有无可比拟的优势。同时,通过对APL基因突变谱特征的大样本分析,首次提出了“经典型”APL和“非经典型”APL的概念,对临床开展APL的精准治疗具有重大意义。

APL是急性髓细胞白血病的一种特殊亚型。95% APL患者存在特异性的染色体转位-t(15;17)(q22;q21)形成PML-RARA 融合基因,其编码的融合蛋白是APL的驱动基因。全反式维甲酸(All-trans retinoic acid, ATRA)和亚砷酸(Arsenic trioxide, ATO)通过靶向作用于PML-RARA 融合蛋白发挥治疗作用,使得其完全缓解率达到90%以上,从而PML-RARA融合基因的检测对APL的诊断及治疗至关重要。但临床上常会遇到一些患者,骨髓形态学上符合APL的特征,但传统检测技术包括核型分析、RT-PCR和FISH等检测不到PML-RARA融合基因的存在,这为疾病的诊断和治疗方案的选择造成了困难。该项研究建立了基于下一代测序技术的PML-RARA融合基因检测技术,证明了下一代测序技术较之传统检测技术独具优势,为APL的诊断提供了强有力的技术手段。相应于PML-RARA阳性的“经典型”APL,该研究还提出了“非经典型”APL的概念,即形态学上符合APL的特征,无RARA基因重排,存在维甲酸受体家族的其他成员(如:RARB、RARG)的基因重排。临床预后分析发现,缺乏RARA重排的“非经典APL”患儿复发率大大提高,临床上对于这部分“非经典APL”患儿的治疗应采用传统的AML化疗方案更为合理。

本研究受到国家自然科学基金委、科技部国家重点研发计划的经费支持。

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    2019-01-16 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了,长知识

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    2019-01-13 Nancy7994

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