NEJM:Mitapivat治疗丙酮酸激酶缺乏症的疗效(ACTIVATE试验)

2022-04-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在丙酮酸激酶缺乏症患者中,Mitapivat显著增提高了其血红蛋白水平,减少了溶血,并改善了患者报告的结局。在接受Mitapivat治疗的患者中没有观察到新的安全性信号。

丙酮酸激酶缺乏症是一种罕见的、遗传性的、与溶血性贫血有关的慢性疾病。2月17日宣布,美国FDA已批准PYRUKYND(mitapivat)用于治疗患有丙酮酸激酶(PK)缺乏症的成人溶血性贫血。这是首创的口服PK激活剂,也是首个获批的针对该疾病的疾病修饰疗法。

近日,顶级医学期刊NEJM上发表了一篇研究文章,在这项2期研究中,Mitapivat作为一种口服的一线的红细胞丙酮酸激酶激活剂可增加丙酮酸激酶缺乏症患者的血红蛋白水平。

在这项全球性的、随机的、安慰剂对照的3期临床试验中,研究人员在未接受正常红细胞输注的成年丙酮酸激酶缺乏症患者中评估了使用Mitapivat的有效性和安全性。患者被分配接受Mitapivat(每日2次,5mg,有可能增加到20或50mg,每日2次)或安慰剂治疗,为期24周。该研究的主要终点是血红蛋白反应(血红蛋白水平较基线增加,≥1.5 g/dL),在第16、20和24周的两次或更多的预定评估中仍然持续。该研究的次要疗效终点是血红蛋白水平、溶血和造血标志物与基线相比的平均变化,以及在第24周时两组丙酮酸激酶缺乏特异性患者报告的结局指标与基线相比的变化。

mitapivat的3期ACTIVATE试验达到了其主要终点。PYRUKYND在不定期输血的PK缺乏症患者中表现出显着的血红蛋白增加。ITT分析显示,随机分配至PYRUKYND的患者中有40%(n=16)实现了血红蛋白反应,而随机分配至安慰剂组的患者为0人(双侧p<0.0001)。与安慰剂相比,所有预先指定的次要终点(包括溶血标志物和无效红细胞生成)也显示出统计学上的显着改善。

根据每日丙酮酸激酶缺乏日记(PKDD)评估,接受PYRUKYND治疗的患者出现黄疸(PYRUKYND减去安慰剂的LS平均值差异:-0.4)、疲倦(PYRUKYND减去安慰剂的LS平均值差异:-1.1)和呼吸急促(PYRUKYND减去安慰剂的LS平均值差异:-0.3)的变化,其中较低的分数代表较轻的体征/症状严重程度。

最常见的不良事件是恶心(Mitapivat组7例患者[18%],安慰剂组9例患者[23%])和头痛(分别为6例患者[15%]和13例患者[33%])。10%(n=4)接受PYRUKYND的患者发生严重不良反应,包括心房颤动、肠胃炎、肋骨骨折和肌肉骨骼疼痛,各有1例患者发生。10例(25%)接受Mitapivat的患者和5例(13%)接受安慰剂的患者发生3级或3级以上的不良事件。

PK缺乏症患者最常见的不良反应包括实验室异常(≥10%)是雌酮减少(男性)、尿酸增加、背痛、雌二醇减少(男性)和关节痛。

由此可见,在丙酮酸激酶缺乏症患者中,Mitapivat显著增提高了其血红蛋白水平,减少了溶血,并改善了患者报告的结局。在接受Mitapivat治疗的患者中没有观察到新的安全性信号。

原始出处:
 
Hanny Al-Samkari.et al.Mitapivat versus Placebo for Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency.NEJM.2022.https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2116634

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    2022-08-21 gracezdd
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    2022-04-17 redcrab
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    2022-04-15 小元

    NEJM上果然牛,感谢梅斯更新及时

    0

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