ASCO 2021: 摘要概览与展望 3:罗氏阿特珠单抗有望成为第一个被批准用于围手术期治疗非小细胞肺癌的免疫疗法

2021-05-24 JACKZHAO MedSci原创

ASCO 2021:摘要概览与展望 2

2020 <a href='https://www.medsci.cn/search?q=ASCO'>ASCO</a> Annual Meeting; Equity: Every patient. Every day. Everywhere.

ASCO 2021:摘要概览与展望 2

罗氏的阿特朱单抗(Tecentriq)有望成为第一个被批准用于围手术期治疗非小细胞肺癌的免疫疗法,该研究是在虚拟Asco会议上刚刚公布的辅助研​​究Impower-010的数据中得出的。

阿特珠单抗(Atezolizumab)是一种单克隆抗体,可靶向PD-L1蛋白。阿特朱单抗与肿瘤细胞和肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞上表达的PD-L1结合,阻断其与PD-1和B7.1受体的相互作用。通过抑制PD-L1,可以激活T细胞消灭肿瘤细胞。

罗氏的阿特朱单抗,商品名为Tecentriq,又称T药,是第一个获批上市的PD-L1抑制剂(2016年5月18日获FDA批准用于转移性/复发性尿路上皮癌)。截止目前,阿特朱单抗还获批于肺癌、乳腺癌的不同适应症的治疗,且也在多个癌种中进行临床研究。

但是,Impower-010的数据中显示在所有人群中看到的无病生存(DFS)优势显然是由表达PD-L1的患者所驱动的事实,将使这一胜利受到抑制。 Impower-010的主要作者,斯坦福大学医学院的希瑟·韦克利(Heather Wakelee)博士说:“益处……似乎是对那些具有PD-L1表达的患者,而不是对那些没有PD-L1表达的患者。”

结果将决定罗氏的备案策略,确切的机密信息以及机密的市场。当三月份Impower-010的营收为正时,罗氏表示将“尽快将这些数据提交监管机构”。

除患者的PD-L1阳性问题外,结果还有其他细微差别。 Impower-010进行了顺序分析,将IB-IIIA期NSCLC患者纳入辅助治疗,但最初仅在II-IIIA期人群中分析DFS –首先是PD-L1≥1%的表达者,然后是所有随机受试者。

Wakelee博士在发布会上解释说,正是这两个分析与Asco数据有关,在今天正式宣布Impower-010数据之前。而且,在PD-L1表达者中,Tecentriq的两年DFS率为74.6%,而最佳支持治疗为61.0%。

尚未达到中位值,但使用Tecentriq可使疾病复发的总体风险降低了34%,p值为0.004,具有统计学意义。

无论在II-IIIA期人群中,PD-L1表达如何,Tecentriq也显示出21%的获益,并且p = 0.02时也具有统计学意义的界限。

Wakelee博士说:“但是,“绝大多数益处似乎在于那些在肿瘤中表达过PD-L1的患者”。她将在6月6日星期日专门针对Asco的PD-L1阴性患者介绍该结果。 但是,有力的暗示是Tecentriq和最佳支持治疗之间的DFS没有区别。在这种情况下,Tecentriq是否只能在PD-L1表达者中得到批准,诊断患者的PD-L1状况可能意味着治疗的额外负担, 尽管遗传和生物标记分析现在很普遍。 对于罗氏而言,更重要的是,它将把现有市场削减一半。

Source: Dr Heather Wakelee & Asco.

IB期人群是否在起作用是一个单独的问题。 Wakelee博士说,在Impower-010的1,005人中,只有121人患有IB期疾病,总体而言,这些患者“倾向于做得更好”。

Impower-010层次结构中的下一个分析将着眼于包括IB患者在内的所有患者的DFS,然后是所有患者的总体生存率。目前,所有国家的12个月DFS率分别为71.4%和63.6%,并且尚不成熟,无法进行正式分析。

即便是辅助NSCLC市场的一小部分,也将使Tecentriq在抗PD-(L)1竞争中获得重要的领先优势。辅助/新辅助环境正成为免疫治疗的关键,而Keytruda和Opdivo今年分别在辅助性肾癌和辅助性膀胱癌方面大获成功。

Tecentriq很难获得成功,Tecentriq在新辅助三阴性乳腺癌和辅助尿路上皮癌中失败,但在围手术期TNBC Impassion-031试验中获得了阳性结果,尽管在病理上完全反应,可能不是可批准的终点。

至少在Impower-010中,这一分数毫无疑问。

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    2021-07-11 quxin068
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