Blood:血小板可促进癌症发生和转移,阿司匹林可用于癌症预防和治疗

2018-03-10 MedSci MedSci原创

一直以来,血小板都被认为是止血和血栓形成的关键;但是,越来越多的证据表明血小板也显着参与癌症(全球范围的第二大死亡原因)。临床预试验和临床研究表明血小板可通过与癌细胞之间产生大量的交联促进肿瘤发生和转移。例如,癌症通过直接诱导肿瘤-血小板聚合物改变血小板行为,触发血小板颗粒和胞外囊泡的释放,改变血小板表型和血小板RNA谱,进而促进血栓形成。相互地,血小板可通过增殖信号、抗凋亡效应和血管生成因子促进

一直以来,血小板都被认为是止血和血栓形成的关键;但是,越来越多的证据表明血小板也显着参与癌症(全球范围的第二大死亡原因)。临床预试验和临床研究表明血小板可通过与癌细胞之间产生大量的交联促进肿瘤发生和转移。例如,癌症通过直接诱导肿瘤-血小板聚合物改变血小板行为,触发血小板颗粒和胞外囊泡的释放,改变血小板表型和血小板RNA谱,进而促进血栓形成。

相互地,血小板可通过增殖信号、抗凋亡效应和血管生成因子促进肿瘤生长。血小板还可通过诱导肿瘤细胞侵袭性的上皮-间质转换表型、在循环中存活、在内皮细胞中阻滞和外渗从而激活肿瘤侵袭、维持转移。此外,血小板可协助肿瘤逃逸免疫破坏。

总而言之,癌细胞和血小板之间存在复杂的双向联系。近期,阿司匹林(乙酰水杨酸)被认为是一种有前途的抗癌药物。美国预防服务工作组推荐日常低剂量服用阿司匹林作为结直肠癌的一级预防。阿司匹林在化学预防中作用的确切机制尚不十分清楚,但有证据表明是血小板介导发挥作用。

研究人员在本文中概述了癌症是如何改变血小板,使其更容易癌变,并突出了阿司匹林在癌症预防方面的作用模式中的进展。最后,研究人员对阿司匹林和其他抗血小板药物用于癌症预防和治疗的时机、挑战和反对观点进行了讨论。

原始出处:

Xiaohong Ruby Xu, George M. Yousef, and Heyu Ni.Cancer and Platelet Crosstalk: Opportunities and challenges for aspirin and other anti-platelet agents.Blood  2018  :blood-2017-05-743187;  doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-05-743187

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    2018-05-31 1213a233m65暂无昵称

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    2018-03-14 jihuaijun1112

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    2018-03-11 changjiu

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    2018-03-10 131****2916

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