辉凌在ACG 2021上呈报基于微生物群的在研活体生物治疗药物RBX2660获奖的真实世界转归分析

2021-10-27 国际文传 网络

新的回顾性分析发现,RBX2660在真实世界艰难梭菌(CDI)患者群体中展现有效性和安全性转归,包括既往被临床试验剔除的合并症患者

辉凌医药(Ferring Pharmaceuticals)及辉凌旗下公司Rebiotix今天发布美国胃肠科学会2021年会上两项关键回顾性分析的结果。一项分析评估在研RBX2660对伴常见合并症的广泛CDI患者队列的安全性和有效性,荣获旨在表彰优质、新颖、独特和前沿研究的主席壁报奖(Presidential Poster Award)。

虽然前瞻性临床试验的入选标准常被狭义定义为纳入仅有CDI诊断的患者,但本次分析使研究人员能够评估RBX2660对更能反映真实世界环境的患者群体的影响。本次分析中,94例伴反复CDI (rCDI)患者常见合并症的参研者按美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)酌情用药政策接受RBX2660治疗。分析显示治疗成功率为82.8%,接受一剂(83.3%)与接受两剂(82.5%)的参研者之间未见差异。治疗成功定义为RBX2660给药后八周时未见CDI复发。首剂给药后出现缓解的参研者中,88.7%的临床缓解可持续至六个月。本次真实世界分析中的安全性转归与前瞻性研究相当,治疗中出现的不良事件的严重程度绝大多数为轻度至中度1

耶鲁大学医学院Paul Feuerstadt, MD, FACG, AGAF表示:“该回顾性研究结果可提供关于RBX2660的关键补充信息,因为它支持这样一个概念:对照良好的前瞻性临床试验所见数据可在真实世界环境中复制。该研究显示,即使入选标准宽泛,RBX2660的表现仍接近2期和3期试验较狭义和局限的纳入。该回顾性研究纳入伴不同合并症的患者,更能代表艰难梭菌感染群体,同样易于发生致残性的反复感染循环。”

该群体的合并症包括:胃食管反流病(47.9%);肠易激综合征(17%);胃炎(11.7%);便秘(8.5%);镜下结肠炎(7.4%);憩室炎(6.4%);克罗恩病(5.3%)和溃疡性结肠炎(4.3%) 1

第二篇摘要的研究人员对65岁或以上至少有一次CDI发作伴或不伴IBD的患者的转归发生率和医疗资源占用开展真实世界比较。该分析依据2009年至2017年间分析的Medicare数据,合计包括497,489例CDI患者,其中36,059例诊断为IBD。总体而言,无并发IBD的CDI患者的死亡率较高,包括克罗恩病(CD)(42.9% vs伴CD的34.7%;p <0.0001)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC)(42.9% vs伴UC的40.0%;p <0.0001)。伴IBD患者中,原发性CDI患者的死亡率(CD 37.6%;UC 44.6%)高于反复CDI(CD 28.7%;UC 31.1%;p <0.001)2

尽管所有研究组的住院率都很高——介于86%至99%之间(p <0.0001)——但伴CDI和IBD者占用较多医疗资源,包括住院时间较长以及30天再入院率较高。死亡患者中,伴CDI和UC者每月费用显著高于伴CD者。研究人员指出,由于风险升高,伴IBD的CDI患者可能会较快检出,并且需要较多资源来稳定这两种病况,这或可解释死亡率较低而医疗保健占用率较高的原因2

关于肠道微生物组和艰难梭菌感染

艰难梭菌感染(CDI)是影响全球民众的一种严重且可能致命的疾病。艰难梭菌是一种可引起致残性症状的细菌,例如重度腹泻、发烧、胃压痛或疼痛、食欲丧失、恶心和结肠炎3。美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)宣布CDI为公共卫生威胁,CDI每年仅在美国就可导致约50万人患病和数万人死亡,需要立即采取紧急行动3,4,5

艰难梭菌感染通常是复发恶性循环的开始,给患者和医疗系统造成沉重负担6,7。高达35%的CDI病例在初次诊断后会复发8,9,复发者发生进一步感染的风险显著升高10,12,12,13。据估计,首次复发后,高达60%的患者可能会再次复发14

艰难梭菌反复感染(rCDI)与肠道微生物组的破坏或“生态失调”有关。肠道微生物组是高度多样化的微生物群落,对人类健康有着至关重要的作用。越来越多的证据表明,肠道微生物组的组成和/或多样性受到破坏时,可能会带来相关的严重疾病风险,包括CDI。目前rCDI的标准治疗是抗生素,抗生素无法解决潜在的生态失调或恢复肠道微生物组14。研究显示,使用抗生素会破坏肠道微生物组的生态,而且也是rCDI的主要风险因素8,9,15

恢复肠道微生物组越来越被认为是艰难梭菌反复感染的一种有前途的治疗选择16

关于RBX2660

RBX2660是一种在研的、潜在的、同类首创的、基于微生物群的活体生物治疗药物,可将广谱多样的微生物集输送至肠道,以减少艰难梭菌反复感染。RBX2660已获得美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)快通道、孤儿药和突破性治疗药物认证。枢纽性3期研究立足于近十年的研究,可靠的临床和微生物组数据采集自6项对照临床试验,参研者逾1,000例。

 

参考文献:

  1. Feuerstadt, P, Harvey, A, Bancke, L. RBX2660, an Investigational Live Microbiota-Based Biotherapeutic, Improves Outcomes of Clostridioides difficile Infection in a Real-World Population: A Retrospective Study of Use Under Enforcement Discretion. Presented at ACG 2021 Annual Scientific Meeting & Postgraduate Course. October 22-27, 2021. Poster #P2217. (Feuerstadt, P, Harvey, A, Bancke, L.。在研基于微生物群活体生物治疗药物RBX2660可改善真实世界群体艰难梭菌感染的转归:酌情用药的回顾性研究。呈报于ACG 2021年度科学会议暨毕业后教程。2021年10月22日至27日。壁报# P2217。)
  2. Feuerstadt, P, Dahdal, D., Wong, A., et al. A Real-World Comparison of Mortality, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and Cost Among Medicare Beneficiaries with Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI) With and Without Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Presented at ACG 2021 Annual Scientific Meeting & Postgraduate Course. October 22-27, 2021. Poster #2611. (Feuerstadt, P, Dahdal, D., Wong, A.等。艰难梭菌感染(CDI)伴及不伴炎性肠病(IBD)的Medicare受益人死亡率、医疗资源占用和费用的真实世界比较。呈报于ACG 2021年度科学会议暨毕业后教程。2021年10月22日至27日。壁报# P2611。)
  3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. What Is C. Diff? 17 Dec. 2018. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/cdiff/what-is.html. (美国疾病控制与预防中心。何为艰难梭菌?2018年12月17日。请访问https://www.cdc.gov/cdiff/what-is.html
  4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Biggest Threats and Data, 14 Nov. 2019. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/biggest-threats.html (美国疾病控制与预防中心。最大威胁和数据。2019年11月14日。请访问https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/biggest-threats.html
  5. Fitzpatrick F, Barbut F. Breaking the cycle of recurrent Clostridium difficile. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012;18(suppl 6):2-4. (Fitzpatrick F、Barbut F。打破艰难梭菌反复感染的循环。《临床微生物学和感染》2012;18(增刊6):2-4)
  6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 24 June 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/pdf/threats-report/clostridioides-difficile-508.pdf. (美国疾病控制与预防中心。2020年6月24日。请访问https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/pdf/threats-report/clostridioides-difficile-508.pdf
  7. Feuerstadt P, et al. J Med Econ. 2020;23(6):603-609. (Feuerstadt P等。《医学经济学杂志》2020;23(6):603-609.)
  8. Lessa FC, Mu Y, Bamberg WM, et al. Burden of Clostridium difficile infection in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(9):825-834. (Lessa FC、Mu Y、Bamberg WM等。美国艰难梭菌感染方面的负担。《新英格兰医学杂志》2015;372(9):825-834.)
  9. Cornely OA, et al. Treatment of First Recurrence of Clostridium difficile Infection: Fidaxomicin Versus Vancomycin. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2012;55(S2):S154–61. (Cornely OA等。艰难梭菌感染首次复发的治疗:非达索霉素vs万古霉素。《临床感染性疾病》2012;55(S2):S154–61.)
  10. Riddle DJ, Dubberke ER. Clostridium difficile infection in the intensive care unit. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2009;23(3):727-743. (Riddle DJ、Dubberke ER。重症监护病房中的艰难梭菌感染。《北美感染性疾病临床》2009;23(3):727-743.)
  11. Nelson WW, et al. Health care resource utilization and costs of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection in the elderly: a real-world claims. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. Published online March 11, 2021. (Nelson WW等。老年人艰难梭菌反复感染的医疗卫生资源占用和成本:真实世界理赔。《管理式医疗和专科药房杂志》在线发表于2021年3月11日。)
  12. Kelly, CP. Can we identify patients at high risk of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection? Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012; 18 (Suppl. 6): 21–27. (Kelly, CP. 我们能否识别艰难梭菌反复感染高危患者?《临床微生物学和感染》2012;18(增刊6): 21–27.)
  13. Smits WK, et al. Clostridium difficile infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16020. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.20. (Smits WK等。艰难梭菌感染。《自然综述疾病引论》2016;2:16020. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.20.)
  14. Leong C, Zelenitsky S. Treatment strategies for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2013;66(6):361-368. (Leong C、Zelenitsky S。艰难梭菌反复感染的治疗策略。《加拿大医院药房杂志》2013;66(6):361-368.)
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    2022-09-14 若水135
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肠易激综合征 (IBS) 是最常见的功能性胃肠道疾病之一,影响了约 10%的世界人口。

Gut:膳食纤维和IBS:在个性化医疗时代如何将功能特性转化为临床价值?

最近,研究人员综述讨论了围绕纤维的功能特征和随后在IBS患者中引起的生理反应的数据和概念,以期将这些知识应用于纤维补充剂的精确使用。

AJG: 心理合并症对肠易激综合征患者预后的影响

肠易激综合征 (IBS) 是一种常见的功能性胃肠道疾病,其特征是与大便形式或频率改变的伴有复发性腹痛的临床症状。

拓展阅读

【专家述评】| 2023年中国乳腺癌重要临床研究成果及最新进展

本文对2023年中国乳腺癌领域的重要临床研究进行回顾,总结关键结果,以期为未来的临床研究提供参考。

Clin. Cancer Res. | 饮食对乳腺癌预后的影响:临床试验证据和问题

该试验旨在研究为期5年的地中海式饮食和生活方式干预对意大利1524名I-III期乳腺癌患者复发的影响,饮食和体重对乳腺癌预后具有重要影响,研究支持乳腺癌幸存者遵循健康饮食以改善预后。

药物临床试验不良反应因果关系评价方法概述与存在问题的思考

目前,国际上对于临床试验期间的药物不良反应因果关系评价方法尚无统一标准,在实际工作中存在诸多问题与挑战。本文通过检索国内外文献,介绍了5种国内外较常用的因果关系评价方法和我国上市后药物不良反应因果关系

“长生不老药”烟酰胺的滑铁卢!Science子刊:综合25项临床试验发现,几乎没有效果

Science Advances:口服NR补充剂几乎没有临床相关效果,同时这些研究结果有“夸大”的嫌疑。

ENYO Pharma宣布完成3900万欧元的C轮融资,并获得FDA批准以推进Vonafexor治疗Alport综合征的二期临床试验

该公司将于2024年上半年启动Vonafexor治疗Alport综合征的二期临床研究(名为“ALPESTRIA-1”)。

Nature:临床试验将溶瘤免疫激活与胶质母细胞瘤的存活联系起来

本文结果为人类验证了病变内oHSV治疗增强了抗癌免疫反应,即使在免疫抑制肿瘤微环境中,特别是在注射病毒具有同源血清学的患者中。这为在对免疫治疗没有反应的癌症中使用这种溶瘤方式提供了生物学依据。