Crit Care Med:超声心动图指导下肺复张策略对中重度急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者血流动力学及心 功能的影响

2018-11-30 王贵龙 “罂粟花”微信号

逐步增加PEEP的肺复张策略有利于中重度ARDS患者氧合功能的改善;肺复张⼿法可产⽣轻度可逆的⼼脏功能障碍,但不会明显损伤⼼脏功能。

背景与目的

肺复张法的肺开放策略对急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者具有重要意义,但其可引起气道压强的升并引发症脏功能障碍,从而限制其治疗效果。本研究探讨肺复张法以及递减式呼气末正压通气(PEEP)对心脏功能的影响。

方  法

对确诊ARDS的20名患者施逐步肺复张法,同时进行呼吸评估和功能的超声心动图评估。 肺复张开始时,将初始PEEP设置为25cmH2O,驱动压(DP)15cmH2O。然后以每2分钟5cmH2O的速度逐渐增加PEEP直?达到40 cmH2O(达到40 cm H2O时,持续时间为3到4分钟以记录超声心动图图像),同时保持15 cmH2O的DP。在PEEP达到峰值后,施加25cmH2O的PEEP和15cmH2O的DP,然后以每4分钟2cmH2O逐步减少PEEP。当氧饱和度或顺应性分别降低2或2mL/cmH2O时,终于PEEP?平的降低。当氧饱和度或顺应性分别降低2或2mL/cmH2O时,停?降低PEEP水平。一旦达到最低?平并确认减少氧合作用,则再次进心肺复张(重新进行肺开放),然后将PEEP直接降低到最低?平之前的PEEP水平,并将此水平指定为最佳PEEP?平,即最佳PEEP水平为比

最低PEEP水平高2cmH2O时的水平。

结  果

在施行肺复张手法呼气末正压达到峰值时,动脉压、心排血量、左心室容积减小,右心室容积增加。左心室射血分数从60%±13%降至48%±18%(p = 0.05)。左心室和右心室整体纵向应变均受损(分别为-15.8%±4.5%?-11%±4.7%和-19%±5%?-14%±6% [p = 0.05])。最佳呼气末正压为14±5 cmH2O(基线时为11±4cmH2O),PaO2/FiO2?值从111±25增加到197±89 mmHg(p <0.0001)。尽管有较高的呼气末正压,但在施行肺复张手法后所有血流动力学变量都恢复到其基线值。

结  论

逐步增加PEEP的肺复张策略有利于中重度ARDS患者氧合功能的改善;肺复张手法可产生轻度可逆的心脏功能障碍,但不会明显损伤心脏功能。

原始出处:

Mercado P, Maizel J, Kont ar L, et al. Moderat e and Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Hemodynamic and Cardiac Effects of an Open Lung Strategy With Recruitment Maneuver Analyzed Using Echocardiography. Crit Care Med. 2018 Oct ;46(10):1608-1616. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003287.

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    2018-12-02 hb2008ye

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