nature:“缸中之脑”或将成真,急需建立伦理框架

2018-04-26 Nature自然科研 Nature自然科研

17位著名的科学家、伦理学家和哲学家在本周《自然》上发表了一篇评论文章The ethics of experimenting with human brain tissue,指出现在需要对培养或维持人脑组织的行为做出伦理考量。举例来说,如果研究人员有一天可以在实验室内创造出一个似乎可以产生意识经验的模型,那么这是否会引发有关所有权、管理、权限、处置和数据保护方面的问题?

17位著名的科学家、伦理学家和哲学家在本周《自然》上发表了一篇评论文章The ethics of experimenting with human brain tissue,指出现在需要对培养或维持人脑组织的行为做出伦理考量。举例来说,如果研究人员有一天可以在实验室内创造出一个似乎可以产生意识经验的模型,那么这是否会引发有关所有权、管理、权限、处置和数据保护方面的问题?

使用人体干细胞作为起始材料可以在器皿中培养简化的3D脑器官。

为了研究帕金森病和精神分裂症等疾病,研究人员正在利用干细胞培养小型简化版的人脑组织——脑类器官。另有一些研究人员已经将人脑细胞移植至小鼠身上,还有一些人在研究手术时从患者身上移除的脑组织。这类模型可能具有无穷的价值,“但是脑类器官离功能性人脑越近,伦理问题就越严重。”Farahany等人如此表示。


研究人员在解剖人脑组织切片。

作者们提出了一些他们认为研究人员、资助机构、审查委员会和公众应该加以讨论的问题,以便为这类研究提供指引。这些问题包括研究人员是否有可能评估脑替代品的知觉功能以及人类对于生死的理解可能将受到的挑战。

干细胞衍生的3D人脑组合体。

作者总结说:“为了确保这类研究可以在长期范围内取得成功,并为社会所接受,现在必须制定一个伦理框架。”他们还指出,人脑实验模型或有助于解开长期以来令人难以理解的精神疾病和神经疾病谜题。

原始出处:
Nita A. Farahany, Henry T. Greely, Steven Hyman, et al.The ethics of experimenting with human brain tissue.nature.25 April 2018

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    2018-09-02 liye789132251
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    2018-04-29 jihuaijun1112

    学习学习学习

    0

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    2018-04-27 slcumt