Hypertension:过氧化物酶体激活受体-γ,PPARγ,对衰老诱导的血管老化具有保护作用

2018-05-16 MedSci MedSci原创

目前我们对于调控血管老化的机制知之甚少,特别是在细胞特异性水平。药理性激活PPARγ(过氧化物酶体激活受体-γ)对脉管系统具有保护作用。为探究PPARγ的细胞特异性作用,T. Michael De Silva等人推测沉默内皮PPARγ的表达可放大年龄诱导的血管功能障碍,并对此进行验证。研究人员建立内皮细胞特异性表达人类显性失活性突变型PPARγ(由血管钙粘着蛋白启动子[E-V290M]驱动)的小鼠

目前我们对于调控血管老化的机制知之甚少,特别是在细胞特异性水平。药理性激活PPARγ(过氧化物酶体激活受体-γ)对脉管系统具有保护作用。为探究PPARγ的细胞特异性作用,T. Michael De Silva等人推测沉默内皮PPARγ的表达可放大年龄诱导的血管功能障碍,并对此进行验证。

研究人员建立内皮细胞特异性表达人类显性失活性突变型PPARγ(由血管钙粘着蛋白启动子[E-V290M]驱动)的小鼠模型,分别取成年(11.6±0.3个月)和老年(24.7±0.6个月)小鼠的颈动脉进行研究,并以相同年龄的非转基因型同窝小鼠为对照。

用乙酰胆碱(内皮依赖性激动剂)分别处理成年非转基因和E-V290M小鼠、以及老年非转基因小鼠的动脉,可产生相同的松弛效果。与之相比,老年雄鼠和雌性E-V290M小鼠的动脉对乙酰胆碱的反应性降低50%以上(p<0.01)。老年E-V290M小鼠的内皮细胞功能不受COX(环氧化酶)抑制剂调节,但用过氧化物清除剂(NADPH氧化酶抑制剂或ROCK抑制剂[Rho激酶])处理,其功能可恢复至正常。

亚硝基甲苯,直接作用于血管平滑肌,用其处理各组血管的松弛作用相似。与对照相比,老年E-V290M小鼠的血管内皮的IL-6、Nox-2和CDKN2A(衰老标志物)的表达量明显增加(p<0.05)。

综上所述,本研究首次证实通过氧化应激和ROCK的相关机制干扰内皮PPARγ的表达,可加速衰老相关的血管功能障碍、炎症和老化。内皮细胞PPARγ的保护作用或许可应用于治疗血管疾病以及血管老化。

原始出处:

T. Michael De Silva,et al.Endothelial PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ) Is Essential for Preventing Endothelial Dysfunction With Aging.Hypertension. May 15,2018.https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10799

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    2018-05-16 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢分享.

    0

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由于肿瘤相关巨噬细胞在癌症进展和转移中的重要作用,因此越来越被认为是肿瘤微环境中非常重要的靶点。然而,肿瘤相关巨噬细胞分化的内源调节机制目前仍知之甚少。本研究中,研究人员发现caspase-1通过在Asp64处切割过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)来促进肿瘤相关的巨噬细胞分化,从而产生41kDa的片段。这种截短的PPARγ转位到线粒体,在这里直接与中链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶(MCAD)相互作用。

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本实验旨在探讨PPARγ对实验性牙周炎大鼠炎症控制和骨重建的影响。

J Clin Periodontol:PPARγ在实验性牙周炎中的双重作用

探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)对实验性牙周炎大鼠炎症反应及骨重建的影响。

J NEUROSCI:为什么糖尿病治疗药物会让人变胖?

近日,国际学术期刊the journal of neuroscience发表了美国科学家的一项最新研究进展,他们针对糖尿病治疗药物罗格列酮可导致体重增加这一副作用进行了相关研究,发现PPARγ在AgRP/NPY神经元中激活,AgRP表达增加是导致该副作用的主要原因。   PPARγ是临床治疗糖尿病开发糖尿病治疗药物的重要靶点,但靶向PPARγ开发的药物罗格列酮存在促进食物摄取,增