JBJS:老年移位性股骨颈骨折应**全髋置换

2013-09-30 佚名 丁香园

治疗移位的股骨颈骨折通常有三种方法可以选择:内固定、人工股骨头置换和全髋关节置换。在2000年左右有大量研究证实,关节置 换治疗移位的股骨颈骨折较内固定的效果更佳。因此,近来这类骨折选择关节置换者越来越多。 在以往的研究中大多将再手术和翻修作为观察的终点,并认为这是不成功的治疗。然而,还有一些患者由于各种原因导致不太满意的 疗效,但还不符合再手术的适应证。这也提示,评价髋部骨折的临床结果以及相关

治疗移位的股骨颈骨折通常有三种方法可以选择:内固定、人工股骨头置换和全髋关节置换。在2000年左右有大量研究证实,关节置 换治疗移位的股骨颈骨折较内固定的效果更佳。因此,近来这类骨折选择关节置换者越来越多。

在以往的研究中大多将再手术和翻修作为观察的终点,并认为这是不成功的治疗。然而,还有一些患者由于各种原因导致不太满意的 疗效,但还不符合再手术的适应证。这也提示,评价髋部骨折的临床结果以及相关影响时,必须充分考虑患者的意愿。因此,临床研究中应该 重视患者自诉的临床结果。

瑞士学者Leonardsson等进行的一项前瞻性研究通过邮寄调查表,让股骨颈骨折患者对临床结果进行主观评价,一方面评价这一随访方 式的可行性,另一方面考察在患者主观的临床结果方面不同治疗方法的差异。 【原文下载】

研究人员通过瑞士髋关节置换注册中心和瑞士髋部骨折注册中心的数据库,将患者主观临床结果的调查问卷发送给行内固定、人工股 骨头置换或人工全髋关节置换的移位性股骨颈骨折患者。所谓移位性骨折是指Garden 3和4型骨折。

研究选取了2009年全年所有符合纳入标准的患者,共5902例。纳入患者的流程如图1所示。中位数年龄为84岁,范围18-103岁。

邮寄给患者的调查问卷包括欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)和疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)以及患者对手术结果的满意度。研究者向仍然存活 的4467例患者寄送了邮件,中位数随访期限为14个月,范围7-22个月。

最终79%(3513例)的患者回信,72%-75%的患者完成了调查问卷的所有内容。与内固定以及人工股骨头置换的患者相比,接受人工全 髋关节置换的患者,无论70岁以下还是70岁以上,疼痛更少,对治疗的满意度更高。当然,70岁以下人群中,人工股骨头置换和人工全髋置换 的差异没有统计学意义。

研究结论认为,评价股骨颈骨折患者主观的临床结果时,邮寄调查问卷回复率较高,对于全国范围内的持续随访是一种可取的方法。 患者主观的临床结果受年龄以及治疗方法的影响。接受人工全髋关节置换的患者,无论年龄是否大于70岁,临床结果都是最好的。选择内固定 的患者疼痛更明显,满意度更差。因此,对于大多数70岁以下的老年患者,以及虽然超过70岁但预期寿命仍较长的患者应该将人工全髋关节置 换作为首选的治疗方法。

原文下载

Leonardsson O, Rolfson O, Hommel A, Garellick G, Akesson K, Rogmark C.Patient-reported outcome after displaced femoral neck fracture: a national survey of 4467 patients.J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013 Sep 18

 

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    2013-10-02 qingrejiedu

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