Dig Liver Dis:囊性纤维化患者中血清胆汁酸和甘醇脱氧胆酸水平可以作为肝脏病变的生物标志物

2021-12-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

囊性纤维化是一种遗传性外分泌腺疾病,主要影响胃肠道和呼吸系统,通常具有慢性梗阻性肺部病变、胰腺外分泌功能不良和汗液电解质异常升高的特征。

众所周知,在囊性纤维化(CF)患者中,CFTR(CFtr)的跨膜传导调节器的突变会导致氯离子在细胞中的流动明显减少。然而,粘稠的液体会阻碍腺体及其排泄,并可能被病原微生物侵入。因此,CF的患者通常会出现包括反复呼吸道感染和胰腺功能不全的症状。肝脏的关键功能包括胆汁酸的合成和分泌,它们的转化取决于正常的转录因子浓度。肝脏合成初级胆汁酸,主要是胆汁酸和熊去氧胆汁酸。而胃肠道细菌(双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌)对初级酸进行分解和脱羧,从而形成二级和三级酸。不幸的是,在CF患者中这些自然代谢途径受到干扰。由于胆管堵塞,过高的酸浓度会对肝细胞产生细胞毒性。在CF患者中,由于胆汁黏度过高,大量的胆汁酸在肝脏内积聚。胆汁酸积聚在肝细胞内,一旦超过其容量,胆汁酸就会释放到血液中。由于小肠中的胆汁盐浓度降低,乳化作用变得很差,从而限制了脂溶性营养素的生物利用率。因此,囊性纤维化(CF) 和 CF 相关的肝病可导致胆汁酸代谢紊乱。为此,本项研究旨在确定CF 中的血清胆汁酸浓度,并确定它们在肝病评估中的有用性。

 

本项研究共纳入了 75 名CF患者:25 名确诊为肝硬化(11 名女性,14 名男性,年龄 9 至 33 岁),25 名患有其他非肝硬化肝病(12 名女性,13 名男性,16 至 44 岁)和 25 名没有肝病(12女,13男,17至36岁)。对照组由25名健康受试者(HS;12名女性,13名男性,年龄18至27岁)组成。另外,研究人员还评估了患者的各自 CF 特征,包括丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶 (AST) 和 γ-谷氨酰转移酶 (GGTP) 的血清活性水平。最后研究人员对所有受试者测量初级、次级和结合胆汁酸水平,并进行了相关性分析。

 

研究结果显示:除甘草脱氧胆酸(GDCA)外,CF患者的胆汁酸水平高于健康对照组 。然而,在所有CF患者中,无论肝硬化患者还是其他肝脏受累患者的胆汁酸浓度没有差异。血清中的GDCA 和脱氧胆酸(DCA) 可以将CF患者与非肝硬化肝病患者区分开来(GDCA-AUC:0.924,95%CI 0.822–1.000,p<0.001;DCA-AUC:0.867,95%CI:0.731–1.000,p<0.001)。主成分分析显示CF肝病与GDCA、GGTP活性、重度基因型和胰腺功能不全有关。

 

本项研究证实CF患者中特异性胆汁酸谱可以被用来鉴别肝脏疾病。其中GDCA可以将非肝硬化肝脏受累患者与未检测到肝脏疾病的患者区分开来。因此,GDCA 可作为 CF 肝病非肝硬化进展的生物标志物进行验证。

原始出处:

SławomiraDrzymała-Czy. Et al. Serum bile acids in cystic fibrosis patients – glycodeoxycholic acid as a potential marker of liver disease.Digestive and Liver Disease.2021.

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    2022-05-30 wolongzxh
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