Neoplasia:“良好”肠道菌群,与黑素瘤免疫治疗相关!

2017-10-10 佚名 转化医学网

近日,美国德克萨斯州哈罗德·西蒙斯综合癌症中心科学家发现了个体肠道细菌与抗癌免疫检查点抑制剂治疗(ICT)之间的联系。他们的研究结果表明,与一般黑色素瘤患者的肠道微生物相比,ICT敏感患者的肠道中含有某种特定类型的微生物与某些代谢物的高水平表达。

近日,美国德克萨斯州哈罗德·西蒙斯综合癌症中心科学家发现了个体肠道细菌与抗癌免疫检查点抑制剂治疗(ICT)之间的联系。他们的研究结果表明,与一般黑色素瘤患者的肠道微生物相比,ICT敏感患者的肠道中含有某种特定类型的微生物与某些代谢物的高水平表达

该研究对应文章则发表与最新上线的Neoplasia杂志,名为“Metagenomic Shotgun Sequencing and Unbiased Metabolomic Profiling Identifying Specific Human Gut Microbiota and Metabolites Associated with Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Blackanoma Patients”。

文章的主要作者Andrew Koh博士表示:“我们的研究表明,有必要优化肠道细菌以改善检查点抑制剂疗法针对癌症的临床疗效。一些特定的细菌以某种方式影响癌症患者的免疫系统,使其更好攻击癌细胞并杀死它们。”

研究人员指出,尽管ICT可以在多达50%的转移性黑色素瘤患者中持续缓解癌症,但很大一部分患者仍然未能受益于ICT或经历严重的自身免疫性不良反应。越来越多的证据表明,肠道微生物可以影响宿主免疫应答,而在小鼠中的研究表明,肠道微生物群是“确定ICT反应的主要因素”。

这些发现促使研究人员更加关注ICT转移性黑色素瘤患者的肠道微生物。他们使用宏基因组鸟枪法测序(MSS)对39名转移性黑色素瘤患者的前ICT粪便DNA进行了分析,同时,研究人员也在ICT治疗过程中对这些患者的粪便DNA进行了间歇分析与基于超高效液相色谱 - 串联质谱(UPLC-MS / MS)的代谢组学分析。

研究结果表明,无论治疗类型如何,ICT应答组患者的肠道微生物中都大量存在拟杆菌。在非应答组患者的肠道中,富马杆菌,拟杆菌和丝状球菌则更多地存在。

MSS分析显示,ICT应答患者的肠道中显着富含涉及脂肪酸合成的细菌酶,而非应答患者的肠道中则富含参与肌醇磷酸酯代谢的细菌酶。在ICT应答者与非应答者中,存在着83种代谢物水平的显着差异。特别令人感兴趣的是,在所有ICT应答者中,广泛存在于芒果等植物中的蒽醌酸含量都存在着显着增加。作者建议,已知蒽醌酸可增强杀菌活性,并且已知蒽醌酸可刺激嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞,增强T细胞对肿瘤转移的抑制,从而增强ICT功能。

研究人员表示,虽然他们的初步研究结果并不能明确确定肠道微生物与免疫治疗功效之间的具体因果关系,但是他们计划通过后续的临床研究和更具体的实验对这些细菌物种和代谢物进行额外的验证与检测,以确认其ICT增强功能。

正如文章的作者所说,这一研究的系列结果最终可能会导致益生菌鸡尾酒免疫疗法的出现,以提高黑色素瘤的ICT有效几率。

原始出处:

Arthur E. Frankel, Laura A. Coughlin, Jiwoong Kim, et al. Metagenomic Shotgun Sequencing and Unbiased Metabolomic Profiling Identify Specific Human Gut Microbiota and Metabolites Associated with Immune Checkpoint Therapy Efficacy in Melanoma Patients. Neoplasia,October 2017, Volume 19, Issue 10, Pages 848–855.

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    2018-06-12 luwei00
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    2017-10-12 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习组队.了解了解

    0

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    2017-10-11 yfjms

    学习了

    0

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