Cancer Res:COX-2抑制剂塞来昔布可能具有抗癌作用

2016-05-28 MedSci MedSci原创

最近,美国斯克里普斯研究所(TSRI)佛罗里达校区的科学家发现,一种最广泛使用的止痛、抗炎药物,可在动物模型中减缓一种特殊肿瘤的增长速度,并指出这种药物可能对其他类型的肿瘤也有相同的作用。这项新研究在Cancer Research杂志,关注的是塞来昔布的抗癌作用。塞来昔布可靶定一个称为“cyclooxygenase-2”(COX-2)的酶,这个酶与疼痛和炎症有关联。这种酶对于前列腺素的产生也很重要

最近,美国斯克里普斯研究所(TSRI)佛罗里达校区的科学家发现,一种最广泛使用的止痛、抗炎药物,可在动物模型中减缓一种特殊肿瘤的增长速度,并指出这种药物可能对其他类型的肿瘤也有相同的作用。这项新研究在Cancer Research杂志,关注的是塞来昔布的抗癌作用。此前也有一些研究有类似的报道,如J Natl Cancer Inst:肺癌治疗的独特选择:解析COX-2抑制剂的应用,Cancer cell:CXCR2或称为结肠癌治疗的靶点,Int J Cancer :布洛芬或可降低膀胱癌风险

塞来昔布可靶定一个称为“cyclooxygenase-2”(COX-2)的酶,这个酶与疼痛和炎症有关联。这种酶对于前列腺素的产生也很重要,这些化合物表现得像激素,并对于促进肿瘤的生长,发挥一定的作用。在正常组织中,COX-2的表达通常很低,但在多种类型的癌症中表达很高。

这项研究的负责人、TSRI副教授Joseph Kissil说:“我们真正感兴趣的是,确定一个特定的信号通路在癌症中做了什么。在这个过程中,我们发现,它能激活促进肿瘤细胞生存的基因,它们通过打开参与炎症的酶(包括COX2)做到这一点。”

研究人员继续进行了动物研究,跟踪塞来昔布对癌症细胞生长的影响,这些细胞来自于被称为神经纤维瘤II型(NF2) 的肿瘤类型。在人类中,NF2是由抗肿瘤基因NF2突变引起的一种相对罕见的遗传性癌症,会导致听觉神经的良性肿瘤。

研究人员让动物接受每日剂量的药物,随后对其肿瘤生长进行成像。结果分析显示,与对照组动物相比,接受塞来昔布治疗的动物模型,肿瘤生长速度明显更慢。

使用各种方法,这项新研究还表明,一个称为Hippo-YAP通路的信号级联参与了这些结果,并且蛋白质YAP是NF2细胞增殖、生存和肿瘤形成所必需的。

这项研究的第一作者、TSRI研究助理William Guerrant说:“我们的研究显示,COX2抑制剂可对肿瘤细胞产生影响。它们还对‘在肿瘤生长中发挥作用的炎症反应’有着一定的影响。有可能是,在其他癌症中,因为这种药物对炎症的影响,所以这些抗癌作用可能会更强。”


原始出处:

Guerrant W, Kota S, Troutman S, Mandati V, Fallahi M, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Kissil JL. YAP mediates tumorigenesis in neurofibromatosis type 2 by promoting cell survival and proliferation through a COX2-EGFR signaling axis. Cancer Res. 2016 May 23. pii: canres.1144.2015

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    2016-09-27 jklm09
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    2016-05-29 明崖

    学习了,可以来研究研究,需要一段漫长时间,而且要避免这类药物的胃肠道反应

    0

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    2016-05-28 medcardio

    基础研究机制到临床验证需要很长的路

    0

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J Invest Derm:非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)可能预防皮肤癌

据一项最新研究表明非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)能够预防皮肤癌,该研究发表于近日的Journal of Investigative Dermatology上。NSAID可以降低大肠癌、肺癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌的发病风险,但是还没有证据表明它能够预防皮肤癌。Chiho Muranushi及其同事根据已发表的文献进行了meta分析,研究了阿司匹林、非阿司匹林类NSAIDs以及其他NSAIDs类药物对鳞状