JNNP:阿来组单抗治疗多发性硬化患者对疗效和安全性结局的影响

2021-03-26 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

尽管在过去的十年中已经批准了一些疾病改良疗法(DMTs),但对复发-缓解型多发性硬化症的治疗仍然具有挑战性。大多数患者最初接受低风险的一线治疗,然后转为高活性治疗,只有在疾病进一步活动的情况下,这些治

尽管在过去的十年中已经批准了一些疾病改良疗法(DMTs),但对复发-缓解型多发性硬化症的治疗仍然具有挑战性。大多数患者最初接受低风险的一线治疗,然后转为高活性治疗,只有在疾病进一步活动的情况下,这些治疗有可能产生更严重的副作用。

阿仑单抗(ALEM)是一种抗CD52单克隆抗体,在未接受治疗的患者(CARE-MS I)和对一线DMT反应差的患者(CARE-MS II)中,该抗体被证明在控制疾病活动方面非常有效。23名参与CARE-MS II试验的患者先前主要接受过β-干扰素治疗(IFN)或醋酸格拉替拉霉素,尽管少数人接受过那他珠单抗(NTZ)、硫唑嘌呤或米托蒽醌。 正在进行的真实队列研究,如TREAT-MS注册, 提供了有关使用阿莱姆的重要信息,并证明其有效性随先前服用的DMT数量成比例降低。 尽管各种新的dmt已经进入临床常规,但关于特定治疗序列的真实数据仍然很少,并且不断升级的治疗管理的优化仍然缺乏普遍共识。在接受NTZ治疗的患者中,ALEM的有效性和安全性被认为与核心研究结果一致。 然而,在先前对芬戈利莫德(FTY)无反应的患者中,ALEM有效性的证据一直是相互矛盾的。虽然英国的一系列病例表明,ALEM的升级可能无法很好地控制疾病的活动,但8项更多的回顾性分析表明,FTY预处理后ALEM具有良好的疗效和安全性。 

11名根据最新处方标准被认为有资格接受ALEM治疗的活动性MS成年患者被纳入前瞻性计划队列研究(NCT04082260)。在两个三级MS中心(德国Muenster&Essen)进行ALEM治疗。所有患者均根据制造商的指南接受ALEM治疗。 流行病学数据在筛选和基线治疗时得到验证,包括疾病和治疗史以及吸烟者状态的确定,因为这之前被确定为继发性自身免疫的可能风险因素。  IAR根据不良反应的通用术语标准进行记录和分级事件(CTCAE)。每3个月由两名受过训练的神经科医生对患者进行一次标准化的神经学检查,并使用扩展残疾状态量表(EDSS)对残疾程度进行评分。记录复发的发生情况,包括其确切的发病日期、进行的治疗和表征受影响功能系统的症状。此外,症状性炎症在中枢神经系统(CNS)的定位是通过临床评估和半年扫描的MRI数据来确定的。在多灶性复发的情况下,计算导致复发相关残疾增加的部位。

还需要临床数据来评估DMT测序对免疫系统的潜在影响,以协助临床实践中的决策过程。这与ALEM尤其相关,因为它的使用最近受到医疗当局的限制,仅限于一部分经过预处理和高度活跃的患者,因为它具有复杂的安全性,包括输注相关反应(IAR)、脑血管并发症和继发性自身免疫的潜在发展,甚至在注射后几年最后一次给药。 在这种情况下, 分析了一个大规模的前瞻性队列的多发性硬化症患者,以评估预处理的潜在影响的有效性和安全性的ALEM治疗。

确定了170名治疗初期或之前对NTZ、FTY、IFN或DMF无反应的患者,并接受了至少两个疗程的ALEM治疗。总的来说,2425/2498(97.1%)计划就诊的数据是可用的。所有患者均接受过6个月以上的DMT治疗。大多数患者(n=108)由于疾病活动性的发生而转为ALEM治疗,尽管21例NTZ治疗的患者转为ALEM治疗是因为发展为进行性多灶性白质脑病(PML)的风险增加,同时病情稳定。在整个人群中,78名患者(45.9%)在观察期内至少有一次复发;3名患者(1.8%)在注射ALEM后的前3个月内复发,34名患者(20.0%)在注射ALEM后的1年内复发。我们评估了ALEM的治疗效果是否取决于先前服用DMT的次数。接受ALEM作为一线或二线治疗的患者与接受ALEM作为一线或二线治疗的患者相比,复发风险显著增加(HR 2.651,95% CI 1.279至5.497;p=0.009)。在同一组中,观察到残疾恶化风险增加的趋势相似(HR 2.527,95% CI 0.961至6.649;p=0.060)。在接受ALEM一线或二线治疗的患者之间没有发现相关差异。

Figure 1

回归分析显示,在所有先前使用的DMT中,芬格莫德预处理组(首次复发时间n=33小时(HR 5.420,95%CI 2.520~11.660;p<0.001))和恶化时间n=33小时(HR 7.676,95%CI 2.870~20.534;p<0.001)。此外,芬戈利莫德预处理的患者更容易出现脊柱复发(55%比10%在先前的天真患者中;p<0.001),并且继发性自身免疫的风险增加(HR 5.875,95%CI 2.126到16.27;p<0.001)。

在医疗环境中,本文证明了既往接受芬格列莫治疗的患者在阿来单抗治疗后疾病控制不理想,继发性自身免疫风险增加。这些数据可为改善MS的治疗管理提供指导。

Pfeuffer SRuck TPul R, et al Impact of previous disease-modifying treatment on effectiveness and safety outcomes, among patients with multiple sclerosis treated with alemtuzumab

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    2021-08-21 jml2009
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1890232, encodeId=4ace189023238, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=760c430895a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43089, encryptionId=760c430895a, topicName=多发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=04d6114, createdName=jml2009, createdTime=Sat Aug 21 11:59:32 CST 2021, time=2021-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1001916, encodeId=6af51001916ce, content=想到了好多,谢谢老师, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c5b3006368, createdName=1436749007, createdTime=Fri Jul 23 09:16:51 CST 2021, time=2021-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1721000, encodeId=1b911e2100018, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=634ee040179' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疗效和安全性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70401, encryptionId=634ee040179, topicName=疗效和安全性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=16ef32982072, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Sun Nov 14 18:59:32 CST 2021, time=2021-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=952636, encodeId=38b895263642, content=学到了很多东西谢谢老师, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c5b3006368, createdName=1436749007, createdTime=Wed Mar 31 13:58:29 CST 2021, time=2021-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951535, encodeId=717295153574, content=学到了很多东西谢谢老师, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c5b3006368, createdName=1436749007, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 08:30:48 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1032856, encodeId=fa6710328565e, content=谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=内科新手, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 01:59:32 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-23 1436749007

    想到了好多,谢谢老师

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    2021-03-31 1436749007

    学到了很多东西谢谢老师

    0

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    2021-03-27 1436749007

    学到了很多东西谢谢老师

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1890232, encodeId=4ace189023238, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=760c430895a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#多发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43089, encryptionId=760c430895a, topicName=多发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=04d6114, createdName=jml2009, createdTime=Sat Aug 21 11:59:32 CST 2021, time=2021-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1001916, encodeId=6af51001916ce, content=想到了好多,谢谢老师, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c5b3006368, createdName=1436749007, createdTime=Fri Jul 23 09:16:51 CST 2021, time=2021-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1721000, encodeId=1b911e2100018, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=634ee040179' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疗效和安全性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70401, encryptionId=634ee040179, topicName=疗效和安全性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=16ef32982072, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Sun Nov 14 18:59:32 CST 2021, time=2021-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=952636, encodeId=38b895263642, content=学到了很多东西谢谢老师, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c5b3006368, createdName=1436749007, createdTime=Wed Mar 31 13:58:29 CST 2021, time=2021-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951535, encodeId=717295153574, content=学到了很多东西谢谢老师, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2c5b3006368, createdName=1436749007, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 08:30:48 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1032856, encodeId=fa6710328565e, content=谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=内科新手, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 01:59:32 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-27 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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