Schizophrenia Bulletin:曼彻斯特大学研究发现严重精神疾病患者的COVID-19死亡率在接种疫苗后仍居高不下

2022-09-02 影像小生 MedSci原创

与匹配的对照组相比,精神分裂症和双相障碍患者表现出更高的COVID-19死亡风险,即使在人口接种疫苗后也是如此。

严重精神疾病(severe mental illness, SMI)患者的死亡年龄比一般人群小约15岁,主要原因是这一脆弱群体中身体疾病的发病率和死亡率较高。这种风险上升既适用于非传染性疾病,也适用于传染性疾病。来自世界各地的最新证据现在表明,重度精神分裂症患者也不成比例地受到COVID-19的影响。以前的研究表明,SMI患者COVID-19死亡的风险更高,但关于接种疫苗后风险的证据有限。

曼彻斯特大学心理和心理健康学部,曼彻斯特学术健康科学中心Lamiece Hassan等在英国疫苗推广之前、期间和之后调查了精神分裂症患者和其他SMI患者中COVID-19的死亡率。

该研究利用大曼彻斯特(GM)护理记录获取与死亡记录相关的常规收集的健康数据,绘制了20202月至20219月期间,患有精神分裂症/精神病、双相情感障碍(BD)/或复发性重性抑郁障碍(MDD)GM居民的COVID-19死亡率随时间的变化。调整了社会人口因素、已存在的共病和疫苗接种状况后,采用多变量logistic回归比较SMI患者(N = 193 435)和年龄-性别匹配的对照(N = 773734)之间的死亡风险(风险比;RR),。

结果发现

2020年3月至2021年9月期间,根据诊断结果,与合并对照相比,a) COVID-19和b)其他原因造成的死亡率。

与匹配的对照组相比,重度精神分裂症患者的死亡风险显著更高,尤其是精神分裂症/精神病患者(RR 3.18, CI 2.94-3.44)/BD患者(RR 2.69, CI 2.16-3.34)

2020年3月至2021年9月期间,根据诊断结果与合并对照相比,由a) COVID-19和b)其他原因导致的死亡率比率

在调整后的模型中,精神分裂症(RR 1.61, CI 1.45-1.79)BD (RR 1.92, CI 1.47-2.50)COVID-19死亡的相对风险降低了,但仍显著高于匹配对照,复发MDD (RR 1.08, CI 0.99-1.17)不高于对照组。在2021年疫苗接种推广期间,重度精神疾病患者的死亡率继续高于对照组。

与匹配的对照组相比,重度精神分裂症患者,特别是精神分裂症和双相障碍患者COVID-19死亡的风险更大。尽管人口疫苗接种工作优先考虑重度精神疾病患者,但重度精神疾病患者在COVID-19死亡率方面仍存在差异。

迄今为止,研究一致表明,精神疾病患者,特别是重度精神疾病患者,与COVID-19相关的较差结果的风险增加,这促使人们呼吁优先为这类人群进行筛查、治疗和接种疫苗。我们的研究证实,与匹配的对照组相比,精神分裂症和双相障碍患者表现出更高的COVID-19死亡风险,即使在人口接种疫苗后也是如此。这些发现加强了解决精神疾病患者寿命缩短和身体健康需求的必要性,并继续研究COVID-19的脆弱性来源,以保护这些群体免受进一步健康影响

原文出处

Lamiece Hassan, Chelsea Sawyer, Niels Peek, Karina Lovell, Andre F Carvalho, Marco Solmi, George Tilston, Matthew Sperrin, Joseph Firth, Heightened COVID-19 Mortality in People With Severe Mental Illness Persists After Vaccination: A Cohort Study of Greater Manchester Residents, Schizophrenia Bulletin, 2022;, sbac118, https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbac118

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