JAMA Intern Med:增强计算机断层扫描前有无预液在预防慢性肾脏病成人急性肾损伤中的影响

2020-05-04 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

多年来,通过预液的方式预防3期慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者急性肾脏损伤后的预防一直是标准的护理方法。然而,关于该组患者需要预液的证据十分有限。本研究旨在评估3期CKD患者在碘基造影剂给药前省略预防性预液的

多年来,通过预液的方式预防3期慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者急性肾脏损伤后的预防一直是标准的护理方法。然而,关于该组患者需要预液的证据十分有限。本研究旨在评估3期CKD患者在碘基造影剂给药前省略预防性预液的肾脏安全性。

Kompas试验是一项多中心、非劣后性的随机临床试验,在荷兰6家医院进行,523例3期CKD患者在2013年4月至2016年9月期间按1:1的比例随机分配接受选择性造影剂增强计算机断层造影前1小时输液250 mL的1.4%碳酸氢钠预液或不进行预液处理。2017年9月完成最终随访。数据分析时间为2018年1月至2019年6月。

共有262名患者被分配到无预液组,261名患者被分配到接受预液组。对505例患者(96.6%)进行了主要终点分析,主要终点是对比剂给药后2~5天血清肌酐水平与基线相比的平均相对增加(血清肌酐水平增加小于10%的非劣性边界)。次要结局包括造影剂给药后2至5天急性肾损伤的发生率,造影剂给药后7至14天肌酐水平的平均相对增高,需要透析的急性心力衰竭和肾功能衰竭的发生率以及医疗费用。

在554名随机入组的患者中,有523人被纳入意向治疗分析。年龄的中位数(四分位间距)为74(67-79)岁;男性336人(64.2%),女性187人(35.8%)。与基线相比,对比剂给药后2至5天肌酐水平的平均(SD)相对升高,无预液组为3.0%(10.5),预液组为3.5%(10.3)(平均差异0.5;95%CI,-1.3至2.3;P <0.001为非劣性)。造影后11例患者发生急性肾损伤(2.1%),其中无预液组262人中有7例(2.7%),预液组261人中有4例(1.5%),相对风险为1.7(95% CI,0.5~5.9;P = .36)。无一患者需要透析或发生急性心力衰竭。亚组分析显示,没有证据表明治疗组和预设的亚组之间存在统计相互作用。预补液组的平均水化成本为119欧元(143.94美元),而无预补液组的平均水化成本为0欧元(0美元)(P<.001)。其他医疗费用也类似。

在接受造影增强计算机断层扫描的3期CKD患者中,不进行预液并不影响患者的安全。本研究的结果支持不进行预液治疗是一种安全且具有成本效益的措施。

 

原始出处:

 

Rohit J Timal, Judith Kooiman, et al., Effect of No Prehydration vs Sodium Bicarbonate Prehydration Prior to Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in the Prevention of Postcontrast Acute Kidney Injury in Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease: The Kompas Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Feb 17;180(4):533-541. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.7428.  

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    2020-10-31 bioon14
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    2020-05-06 智慧医人
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    2020-05-04 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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