Nat BME: 通过流体耦合血管化器官芯片定量预测药物对人体药代动力学的影响

2020-07-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在动物体内进行的药物药代动力学(PKs)和药效学(PDs)分析通常不能预测人类的药物PKs和PDs,并且体外PK和PD模型也不能提供定量的PK参数。

药物在临床试验中的高失败率部分是由于临床前试验中所使用的人类和动物之间的基本种间差异;这些差异常常导致对关键的人体药代动力学(PKs)和药效学(PDs)参数(如清除率、安全界限、毒性和疗效)等错误预测。

本文中,作者展示了人体第一次通过药物吸收、代谢和排泄的生理PK模型,使用来自多个流体连接的双通道器官芯片的计算比例数据预测口服尼古丁(使用肠道、肝脏和肾脏芯片)和静脉注射顺铂(使用骨髓、肝脏和肾脏切片)。这些芯片通过一种普通血液替代品的连续液体输送的内皮通道连接起来并共享动静脉液体混合池。作者还介绍了顺铂PDs的预测与先前报道的患者数据相符。通过流式耦合器官芯片对PK和PD参数进行体内外定量转换,预测药物的吸收、分布、代谢、排泄和毒性,可以改进I期临床试验给药方案的设计。

方法:肠道、肝脏和骨髓芯片包含一个中央多孔(直径7μm)膜,用于分离两个线性平行通道,它们是使用先前发布的软光刻方法从PDMS中制造而来。肾芯片由PDMS上下壁制成,其中包含形成的微通道(0.1 mm高×0.1 mm宽×24 mm长),中间夹有聚酯对苯二甲酸酯径迹蚀刻膜(0.4μm孔)。制作的肠道芯片包含一个蛇形通道,用于增加吸收面积;它被机械驱动来模拟蠕动般的运动,使用内部内置的可编程真空调节系统,对运行在中央培养通道两侧的中空侧室进行循环抽吸,从而使多孔膜和附着的细胞有节奏地变形。本研究中使用的骨髓芯片有椭圆形的上下腔,由PDMS组成,上腔有一个开放的顶部,用可重新密封的医用级胶粘膜(粘合剂研究)封闭,以便装载载满细胞的基质凝胶。

结果:这种流体耦合的、基于多器官芯片的IVIVT系统可用于预测体外定量人体PK参数,这些参数与人类临床研究中获得的结果高度相似。多器官芯片PK/PD建模系统可为药物发现、监管评估、药物研发、药物管理、药物治疗等提供一个实验上可操作的系统。

Herland A, Maoz BM, Das D, Somayaji MR, Prantil-Baun R, Novak R, et al. Quantitative prediction of human pharmacokinetic responses to drugs via fluidically coupled vascularized organ chips. Nature biomedical engineering. 2020;4(4):421-36.

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    2020-09-09 liye789132251
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    2020-08-18 fengyqf
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    2020-07-22 lixiaol