Nat Commun:瑞士科学家用意念控制基因表达

2014-11-19 严炎 刘星 编译 凤凰科技

据科学日报报道,近日瑞士巴塞尔苏黎世理工学院生物系统学院(D-BSSE)的马克·福尔奇(Marc Folche)和其它研究人员研发出一种新型的基因调节工具,使得特定意念的脑电波可以控制基因转化为蛋白质的过程,也就是基因表达。这个科研小组是由生物技术和生物工程学教授马丁·佛森格( Martin Fussenegger)带领的,这项研究被发表在期刊《自然通信》上。 特定意念的脑电波可以控制基因转

据科学日报报道,近日瑞士巴塞尔苏黎世理工学院生物系统学院(D-BSSE)的马克·福尔奇(Marc Folche)和其它研究人员研发出一种新型的基因调节工具,使得特定意念脑电波可以控制基因转化为蛋白质的过程,也就是基因表达。这个科研小组是由生物技术和生物工程学教授马丁·佛森格( Martin Fussenegger)带领的,这项研究被发表在期刊《自然通信》上。

特定意念的脑电波可以控制基因转化为蛋白质的过程

“我们首次实现了将人类大脑的脑电波转移到基因网络上,并根据特定的意念类型调节基因的表达。通过意念控制基因的表达一直是我们追逐了十多年的一个梦想。”佛森格说道。

这一最新的意念控制基因调节系统的灵感来自游戏MindFlex(意念控制机),玩家将佩戴一个特殊的头盔,前额上方的传感器可以记录脑电波。记录的脑电图(EEG)将转移至游戏环境。脑电图将控制风扇传送信号,使得一个小球可以经意念的控制越过一个个障碍物。

最新研发的这个系统也使用了一个脑电图头盔。被记录的脑电波经分析后通过蓝牙无线传输给一个控制器,后者又将控制一个场频信号发生器,从而产生电磁场,这为植入物提供了感应电流。

接着一束光将经过这个植入物:一个释放近红外光的集成LED灯将开启并照亮一个包含转基因细胞的培养腔。当近红外光照亮细胞时,它们开始产生所需要的蛋白质。

这个植入物最初在细胞培养物和老鼠身上进行测试,通过不同被试者的意念进行控制。研究人员在实验中使用了分泌性碱性磷酸酶(SEAP)作为测试,后者是一种容易检测到的人体蛋白质,它会从植入物的培养腔里扩散至老鼠的血液里。

为了调节释放蛋白质的质量,被试者根据三种不同的意识状态——生物反馈、冥想和集中精力——而被分类。在电脑上玩游戏我的世界(MineCraft)的测试者,也即那些集中精力的被试者,诱发老鼠血液里的SEAP水平较为平均。而完全放松(冥想)的被试者诱发老鼠体内的SEAP含量则较高。那些生物反馈的被试者则被要求观察老鼠体内植入物的LED灯,并通过视觉反馈有意识的开启或者关闭LED灯,这一过程将体现在老鼠血液里的SEAP含量的差异上。

“以这种方式控制基因是前所未有的,它的简单性也使得这一方法非常独特。”佛森格解释道。这种可以对近红外光做出反应的光敏感的光遗传学模块是一项特殊的进步。这些近红外光照耀在转基因细胞里被修改的光敏感蛋白质上并触发了信号传导,从而导致SEAP的产生。使用近红外光的原因是它对人体细胞基本无害,且能够深层渗透组织,从而实现视觉追踪植入物的功能。

这一系统可以高效的应用于人类细胞培养和人类-老鼠系统上。佛森格希望有朝一日一个意念控制的植入物将可以帮助抵抗神经学疾病,例如慢性头痛、背痛和癫痫,因为它能够在早期检测特定的脑电波并在合适的时间触发和控制特定因子的产生。

原始出处

Folcher M1, Oesterle S1, Zwicky K1, Thekkottil T1, Heymoz J1, Hohmann M1, Christen M1, Daoud El-Baba M2, Buchmann P1, Fussenegger M3.Mind-controlled transgene expression by a wireless-powered optogenetic designer cell implant.Nat Commun. 2014 Nov 11

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    2015-06-13 Tamikia
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    2015-10-29 liuli5079
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    2015-09-01 liye789132251
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