每天快走15分钟,和emo说拜拜!JAMA子刊:每周快步走2.5小时,抑郁风险降低25%!

2022-08-26 Swagpp MedSci原创

JAMA Psychiatry:与不运动的人相比,每周总体力活动达到4.4mMET-h/wk时,患抑郁症的风险降低18%;当运动上升至8.8mMET-h/wk时,参与者罹患抑郁症的风险显著降低25%!

“狠狠地emo了”成为众多当代年轻人的口头禅。学习有学习的苦,工作有工作的苦,爱情有爱情的苦......总而言之,生活中似乎有太多让人“抑郁”的事情,让人很容易突然陷入“丧”的情绪之中。

据估计,全球每年有5%的成年人遭受着抑郁症的折磨,WHO预测到2030年,抑郁症将成为全球疾病负担第一位。The Lancet上发表的研究也显示,2020年全球范围内重度抑郁症和焦虑症分别增加了28%和26%,且对女性和年轻人的影响更大。

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按照年龄和性别分类的全球重度抑郁症和焦虑症负担

事实上,有这样一种很简单且有效的方法可以帮人们脱离“emo”——没错,就是运动

经常且热爱运动的人一定有这样的感受,在运动的时候会完全忘记生活中的烦恼,享受在其中。没错,这样的感受是有科学依据支持的!此前,美国精神病学协会开展的一项前瞻性研究meta分析报告称,与体育活动水平较低的人相比,体育活动水平较高的人患抑郁症的概率显著降低17%。

读到这里,大家一定和小编有着同样的疑问:运动量达到多少才能缓解emo呢?如果每天要长跑10公里才能降低抑郁发病率,小编恐怕先emo为敬!

好在剑桥大学的研究团队在JAMA Psychiatry上发表的研究给我们吃了颗“定心丸”:只要每周累计达到快走2.5小时的运动量,就能使患抑郁症的风险降低25%。一周选5天快走30分钟,还能休息两天,就能降低emo风险,岂不美哉~

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doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0609

为了探究身体活动与抑郁症风险之间的剂量-反应关系,研究者共纳入15项研究,涵盖191,130名参与者,并使用代谢当量MET的计算方法统一所有研究中的体力活动情况。其中,

每周总体力活动水平(mMET-h/wk)= 轻度mMET值×对应强度体力活动的持续时间(/周)+中度mMET值×时间+剧烈mMET值×时间

  • 轻度体力活动:0.5-2mMETs范围内的活动,如较为轻松的家务活或园艺,本研究中统一为1.5mMET

  • 中度体力活动:2-5mMETs范围内的活动,如高尔夫、瑜伽等,本研究中统一为3.5mMET

  • 剧烈体力活动:WHO指南中建议每周进行150-300分钟中等体力活动或75-150分钟剧烈活动,换算为剧烈活动的强度贡献约为中度的2倍,因此本研究中统一为7mMET,如骑行、打篮球、跑步等。

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每周总体力活动水平计算方法举例

在全部近20万人的参与者中,共记录到28,806起抑郁症。在所有参与者中,抑郁症状加重的人有着更少的体力活动。

进一步来说,建立的体力活动和抑郁症之间的逆向、曲线剂量-反应关系显示,在低体力活动的范围,参与者患抑郁症风险的差异更大。与不运动的人相比,每周总体力活动达到4.4mMET-h/wk时,患抑郁症的风险降低18%;当每周累计运动上升至8.8mMET-h/wk时,参与者罹患抑郁症的风险显著降低25%!

不过,当运动量超过该水平后,比如达到17.5mMET-h/wk,运动带来的潜在益处减少,不确定性增加。也就是说,适量运动缓解emo的“性价比”最高,该结论尤其适用于不爱锻炼的人。

图片

体力活动和抑郁症之间的剂量-反应关系

类似的剂量-反应关系也出现在已经罹患抑郁症的人群中。当每周运动量达到4.4mMET-h和8.8mMET-h时,抑郁症患者的症状加重风险分别会下降20%和27%。

将观察人群放大至全人类,如果所有成年人的运动水平均能达到每周至少8.8 mMET-h,则可预防11.5%的抑郁症发生。以现有数据来计算,全球有着3.5亿抑郁症患者,去年新增约7千万,如果大众都能达到至少8.8 mMET-h/wk的情况下,每年将有超800万人得到“救赎”。

研究者解释道,每周8.8mMET-h的体力活动水平,相当于快走2.5小时的活动量,就能显著降低25%的抑郁症风险。

什么?对于“宅男宅女”来说,每周快走2.5小时还嫌多?不妨将运动量降至其一半,即每周快走75分钟(也就是每天只用快走11分钟),就能将emo风险降低18%!还不快动起来?!

当然,这种逆向曲线的剂量-反应关系背后,存在不止一种的解释机制。比如,体力活动会诱发某些急性神经内分泌和炎症反应,像激活内分泌系统、改变大脑神经结构等,正是这些生理上的变化减少了抑郁的发生。

此外,从社会心理和行为方面来看,体力活动会改善人体的形象状态,从而提高个人认知,增加社会互动,来缓解emo的出现。不过,不同类型、不同频率、不同强度的体力活动对于抑郁的影响可能不同,该关联背后的机制还需要深入探索。

这项研究简直是“懒癌中期”的福音!如果你突然陷入很丧的情绪中,不如出去快走个10-20分钟,换一换心情,和emo说拜拜吧~

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参考文献:

[1]https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7

[2]Pearce M, Garcia L, Abbas A, et al. Association Between Physical Activity and Risk of Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022;79(6):550–559. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0609

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    2022-09-21 lemon985

    试试

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    2022-08-26 小小医者

    #抑郁#,轻中度,#运动#可能是最好的解药之一!!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1820763, encodeId=e2a81820e632f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c6a1009105e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#风险降低#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100910, encryptionId=0c6a1009105e, topicName=风险降低)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fd18451, createdName=xre2008, createdTime=Mon Sep 05 10:01:52 CST 2022, time=2022-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2089644, encodeId=ca6f20896444d, content=试试, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca432042642, createdName=lemon985, createdTime=Wed Sep 21 23:34:26 CST 2022, time=2022-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2039735, encodeId=68d62039e35db, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0f554991f6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑郁风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54991, encryptionId=d0f554991f6, topicName=抑郁风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=726030, createdName=Boyinsh, createdTime=Mon May 29 07:01:52 CST 2023, time=2023-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1241099, encodeId=78781241099e8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0a0b5496306' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑郁#</a>,轻中度,<a href='/topic/show?id=babc9413eb6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动#</a>可能是最好的解药之一!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54963, encryptionId=0a0b5496306, topicName=抑郁), TopicDto(id=94137, encryptionId=babc9413eb6, topicName=运动)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/55971dc507c93968175ce7cc1e177b372a83869f.jpg, createdBy=f63e4754896, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Fri Aug 26 09:33:30 CST 2022, time=2022-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1243668, encodeId=1a35124366831, content=JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿瘤克星, createdTime=Thu Aug 25 21:01:52 CST 2022, time=2022-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-08-25 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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