JACC:少摄入饱和脂肪酸,冠心病风险大大降低

2015-09-29 QQduhq 译 MedSci原创

一项发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》的研究表明,大量摄入饱和脂肪酸会增加民众中风和心脏病发作的风险,且会导致高脂血症。若将不饱和脂肪酸和高质量碳水化合物代替饱和脂肪酸食用,将会对机体健康有积极的影响。 专家建议,饱和脂肪酸提供的热量至多占5-6%。例如,若一个人每日需热量2000卡,则他摄入的饱和脂肪酸提供的热量应不超过120卡,即不超过13克。那么,可替代饱和脂肪酸的健康食物是什么呢?植物油如橄榄油



一项发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》的研究表明,大量摄入饱和脂肪酸会增加民众中风和心脏病发作的风险,且会导致高脂血症。若将不饱和脂肪酸和高质量碳水化合物代替饱和脂肪酸食用,将会对机体健康有积极的影响。 

专家建议,饱和脂肪酸提供的热量至多占5-6%。例如,若一个人每日需热量2000卡,则他摄入的饱和脂肪酸提供的热量应不超过120卡,即不超过13克。

那么,可替代饱和脂肪酸的健康食物是什么呢?

植物油如橄榄油、菜籽油、花生油、红花油和芝麻油,或单一不饱和脂肪酸如大豆油、玉米油和向日葵油等多为不饱和脂肪酸。富含脂肪的鱼类,如鲑鱼、鲭鱼、鲱鱼和鲑鱼,或坚果和种子,大豆和豆腐等也是健康的替代品。 

饱和脂肪主要来自于动物,如肉类,包括鸡皮,动物油如猪油和黄油、乳制品。许多加工食品、烘焙食品和油炸食品含有高浓度的饱和脂肪酸。一些植物油,如棕榈油、棕榈仁油和椰子油,也含有饱和脂肪酸,但是不含胆固醇。 

美国心脏协会建议,民众应少摄入富含饱和脂肪的食物,多摄入富含单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪的食物。

173230名医生和护士共同参与1976年和1986年进行的两项研究。经筛选,共有84624名女性和42908名男性符合研究条件。在参与人员中,共发生了7667例心血管疾病事件。研究人员主要通过问卷调查,在研究初始时询问参与者的饮食、生活方式、既往病史、现病史,具体内容为去年他们摄入食物的频率和质量,包括摄入脂肪或油的种类,然后每隔2-4年再次请参与人员填写调查问卷,随访时间长达24-30年。

研究发现,当参与者不摄入饱和脂肪饮食时,他们倾向于摄入低质量的碳水化合物,如白面包或土豆,而不是全谷物等来满足能量所需。且他们患冠心病的风险降低了25%;当他们改为摄入单一不饱和脂肪酸时,患冠心病的风险降低15%;当他们改为粗粮时,患冠心病的风险降低9%。若将5%的饱和脂肪酸换为精制淀粉或糖,则患病风险不变。
因此,胡博士建议:

将黄油、人造黄油和猪油改为菜籽油、橄榄油或其他植物油;

不摄入薯片和饼干,改为花生,杏仁和橄榄;

用全麦面包代替白面包奶酪三明治,鳄梨和鸡胸肉。 

因此,若民众合理饮食,健康饮食,患冠心病的风险将大大降低。

原始出处:

Saturated fats too often replaced with unhealthy alternatives,MNT,29,Sep,2015

Saturated fats compared with unsaturated fats and sources of carbohydrates in relation to risk of coronary heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study, Yanping Li et al., J. Am. Coll. Cardiol, 28 Sep 2015

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853419, encodeId=d11518534195b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Jul 15 13:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770981, encodeId=c5611e709814e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5572308336a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#冠心病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30833, encryptionId=5572308336a, topicName=冠心病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=bfc938196115, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1932109, encodeId=bab5193210930, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=286810126909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101269, encryptionId=286810126909, topicName=饱和脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325113, encodeId=c1fd132511352, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1579952, encodeId=70e115e99527f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65f0101268d6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101268, encryptionId=65f0101268d6, topicName=饱和脂肪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b0db16571375, createdName=斯嘉莉, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-07-15 hbwxf
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853419, encodeId=d11518534195b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Jul 15 13:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770981, encodeId=c5611e709814e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5572308336a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#冠心病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30833, encryptionId=5572308336a, topicName=冠心病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=bfc938196115, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1932109, encodeId=bab5193210930, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=286810126909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101269, encryptionId=286810126909, topicName=饱和脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325113, encodeId=c1fd132511352, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1579952, encodeId=70e115e99527f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65f0101268d6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101268, encryptionId=65f0101268d6, topicName=饱和脂肪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b0db16571375, createdName=斯嘉莉, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853419, encodeId=d11518534195b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Jul 15 13:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770981, encodeId=c5611e709814e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5572308336a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#冠心病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30833, encryptionId=5572308336a, topicName=冠心病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=bfc938196115, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1932109, encodeId=bab5193210930, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=286810126909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101269, encryptionId=286810126909, topicName=饱和脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325113, encodeId=c1fd132511352, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1579952, encodeId=70e115e99527f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65f0101268d6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101268, encryptionId=65f0101268d6, topicName=饱和脂肪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b0db16571375, createdName=斯嘉莉, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853419, encodeId=d11518534195b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Jul 15 13:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770981, encodeId=c5611e709814e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5572308336a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#冠心病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30833, encryptionId=5572308336a, topicName=冠心病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=bfc938196115, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1932109, encodeId=bab5193210930, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=286810126909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101269, encryptionId=286810126909, topicName=饱和脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325113, encodeId=c1fd132511352, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1579952, encodeId=70e115e99527f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65f0101268d6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101268, encryptionId=65f0101268d6, topicName=饱和脂肪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b0db16571375, createdName=斯嘉莉, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853419, encodeId=d11518534195b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Fri Jul 15 13:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770981, encodeId=c5611e709814e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5572308336a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#冠心病风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30833, encryptionId=5572308336a, topicName=冠心病风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=bfc938196115, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1932109, encodeId=bab5193210930, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=286810126909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪酸#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101269, encryptionId=286810126909, topicName=饱和脂肪酸)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b96f328, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Mon Apr 18 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1325113, encodeId=c1fd132511352, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1579952, encodeId=70e115e99527f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=65f0101268d6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饱和脂肪#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101268, encryptionId=65f0101268d6, topicName=饱和脂肪)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b0db16571375, createdName=斯嘉莉, createdTime=Thu Oct 01 11:02:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

Diabetes:过量饱和脂肪酸致肝脂肪蓄积

瑞典一项研究表明,在健康人群中,过量摄入饱和脂肪酸(SFA)可导致肝脏和内脏脂肪蓄积,过量摄入多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)则可促进无脂肪组织增加。论文于2月18日在线发表于《糖尿病》(Diabetes)杂志。【原文下载】 此项双盲、平行组、随机试验共纳入39例体重正常的青年受试者,并且受试者在7周期间过量摄入SFA(棕榈油)或PUFA(葵花籽油)高含量松饼。利用MRI评估肝脏脂肪、内脏脂肪(VAT

BMJ:饱和脂肪酸不是心脏疾病的主要问题

科学家普遍认为,许多方便食物、烘焙食品和人造黄油中的反式脂肪酸通过炎症过程增加心血管疾病风险。但是,“饱和脂肪酸”则完全不一样。去除饱和脂肪酸以降低心血管疾病风险已经主导饮食建议和指南近40年。 然而,科学证据却表明这个建议增加了心血管风险。此外,政府对总胆固醇水平的痴迷导致上百万人过度服用他汀类药物,这使我们的注意力从致动脉粥样硬化血脂异常这个更惊人的危险因素中分散

Diabetes:过量饱和脂肪酸致肝脂肪蓄积

瑞典一项研究表明,在健康人群中,过量摄入饱和脂肪酸(SFA)可导致肝脏和内脏脂肪蓄积,过量摄入多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)则可促进无脂肪组织增加。论文于2月18日在线发表于《糖尿病》(Diabetes)杂志。 此项双盲、平行组、随机试验共纳入39例体重正常的青年受试者,并且受试者在7周期间过量摄入SFA(棕榈油)或PUFA(葵花籽油)高含量松饼。利用MRI评估肝脏脂肪、

反式脂肪酸被限、胆固醇被解限,那饱和脂肪酸被洗白了吗?

对于饮食中的不同类型的营养成分,我们究竟应该摄入多少,这是目前研究、建议和争论的焦点。今年6月16日,美国食品与药品管理局(FDA)发布一项法规,将在3年内逐步清除加工食品中的人造反式脂肪,最终彻底禁用。作为反式脂肪酸的主要来源,部份氢化油在过去已属于“公认安全”分类,而FDA此次做出的最终裁定否决了这一观点。取而代之的是,反式脂肪酸是一类食品添加剂,未经FDA授权不得加入食物。该举动再次让脂肪酸

ANN INTERN MED:饱和脂肪酸并无增加心脏病风险

一个国际研究小组18日报告说,他们研究发现,摄入饱和脂肪酸并无增加心脏病风险之虞,而不饱和脂肪酸总体上也无助于降低心血管疾病风险。 饱和脂肪酸主要存在于牛肉、羊肉等大多数肉类的脂肪中,不饱和脂肪酸主要来自蔬菜、水果、奶类等。传统观点认为多吃含饱和脂肪酸的食物会增加心血管疾病风险,而不饱和脂肪酸则有助于降低血液黏度,减少相关风险。 英国剑桥大学研究人员和美国、荷兰等国同行在美国《内科学纪