Blood:继发性噬血细胞综合征的细胞毒性基因突变

2020-05-13 QQY MedSci原创

继发性HLH并非由于原发性细胞毒性缺陷导致的,而是类似于与细胞因子风暴相关的其他高炎症综合征。

噬血细胞综合征(HLH)是一种危及生命的高炎症疾病,主要是由于细胞毒杀伤细胞(CTL)及NK细胞功能缺陷导致抗原清除障碍,单核巨噬系统接受持续抗原刺激而过度活化增殖,产生大量炎症细胞因子而导致的一组临床综合征。主要表现为发热、脾大、全血细胞减少、高甘油三酯、低纤维蛋白原、高血清铁蛋白,并可在骨髓、脾脏或淋巴结活检中发现噬血现象。。

原发性HLH由于单基因双等位基因突变影响淋巴细胞的细胞毒性而发病年龄一般较早,多数在1岁以内发生。继发性HLH多发生于成年人,继发于感染,淋巴瘤或风湿病。

继发性HLH的淋巴细胞的细胞毒性状态尚未明确。现研究人员对继发性HLH成年患者进行了NK细胞细胞毒性的系统评估。

对继发性HLH成年患者的总淋巴细胞计数及亚型、NK细胞表型、穿孔素表达和脱粒、自然或ADCC细胞毒性,并与无HLH的相同原发疾病患者(病例对照,DC)和健康人(健康对照,HC)进行对比。

研究人员对细胞毒性基因突变进行了系统的筛查。HLH组纳入68位患者,DC组和HC组分别纳入34位对照。

在HLH患者中,观察到严重和短暂的淋巴细胞减少、活化的NK细胞表型(CD69、ICAM-1、HLADR、CCR5表达增加)和干扰素γ产生能力降低。穿孔素平均表达正常,脱颗粒试验和NK细胞毒性与DC组无差异。在近50%的患者中观察到影响淋巴细胞毒性基因之一的单等位基因突变或穿孔素A91V突变。
 
与DC相比,研究人员在继发性HLH中未发现主要的内在细胞毒性功能障碍,也没有预测的致病基因变异。与干扰素γ产生减少相关的活化的NK表型谱与其他高炎症性疾病(如败血症或系统性幼年特发性关节炎)相似。

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    2020-12-07 xzw113
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