Nat Cell Biol:肿瘤相关单核巨噬细胞(TAM)参与癌症干细胞微环境建立

2014-10-04 MedSci MedSci原创

在上皮-间充质细胞转化(EMT)过程中,组织内部彼此粘附的上皮细胞,会转变成为具有较强迁移能力的间充质细胞。EMT对于胚胎发育是有益的,细胞通过EMT在胚胎中迁移并建立特化的组织。不过近年来人们发现,EMT也在癌症中起到了关键性的作用。EMT能将间充质细胞的特性赋予癌细胞,允许它们进入癌症干细胞(CSC)状态。癌症干细胞是肿瘤中的一群特殊细胞,能够通过自我更新和分化,启动并维持癌症的形成和发展。人

在上皮-间充质细胞转化(EMT)过程中,组织内部彼此粘附的上皮细胞,会转变成为具有较强迁移能力的间充质细胞。EMT对于胚胎发育是有益的,细胞通过EMT在胚胎中迁移并建立特化的组织。不过近年来人们发现,EMT也在癌症中起到了关键性的作用。EMT能将间充质细胞的特性赋予癌细胞,允许它们进入癌症干细胞(CSC)状态。


癌症干细胞是肿瘤中的一群特殊细胞,能够通过自我更新和分化,启动并维持癌症的形成和发展。人们已经在越来越多的肿瘤中分离和鉴定到了癌症干细胞,比如结肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌胰腺癌

Whitehead研究所的Weinberg研究团队发现,肿瘤相关的单核/巨噬细胞细胞(TAM)通过邻分泌(juxtacrine)信号传导,参与了癌症干细胞巢(CSC niche)的建立。这一成果发表在九月二十八日的Nature Cell Biology杂志上,文章的通讯作者是Whitehead研究所的Robert A.Weinberg教授。

Weinberg教授是美国科学院院士,也是Whitehead研究所的创始人之一。他发现了第一个人类癌基因Ras和第一个抑癌基因Rb,其杰出工作已经成为肿瘤研究领域乃至整个医学生物学领域的重要里程碑。

干细胞巢(niche)作为一种特殊的微环境,是干细胞存在的基础。这一微环境主要包括,与干细胞相邻的细胞、细胞外基质和多种细胞因子。干细胞与niche之间的相互作用,为干细胞的生长、自我更新和分化提供了较为稳定的环境。然而,人们一直不了解癌症干细胞与其微环境之间的相互作用。

研究人员在乳腺癌中进行了定量的蛋白质组学图谱分析。他们发现,EMT程序会上调CD90(也称为Thy1)和EphA4的表达。这两种蛋白能够直接结合癌细胞上的相应受体,介导CSC和TAM的相互作用。癌细胞上的EphA4受体随即做出应答,激活Src和NF-κB。NF-κB诱导癌症干细胞分泌多种细胞因子,来维持其干细胞状态。事实上,掺入巨噬细胞的确可以促进癌细胞的CSC活性。

这项研究告诉我们,TAM是癌症干细胞巢的重要成分,在维持CSC活性中起到了非常显著的作用。

原始出处:
Lu H, Clauser KR, Tam WL, Fröse J, Ye X, Eaton EN, Reinhardt F, Donnenberg VS, Bhargava R, Carr SA, Weinberg RA.A breast cancer stem cell niche supported by juxtacrine signalling from monocytes and macrophages. Nat Cell Biol. 2014 Sep 28. doi: 10.1038/ncb3041.

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    2014-12-28 liye789132251
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    2015-05-25 维他命
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    2014-11-01 sunylz
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    2014-10-04 42.122.187.59

    肿瘤微环境成为研究热点,主要关心的是肿瘤相关单核巨噬细胞(TAM)和肿瘤相关的成纤维细胞(TAF)在其中的作用

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