主动脉夹层腔内治疗禁区------累及弓部分支的B型主动脉夹层激光原位开窗术

2016-06-03 陆信武 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院

主动脉夹层累及弓部分支的腔内治疗一直是血管外科的热门话题。由于涉及到颈动脉、锁骨下动脉血流的重建,无论是解剖学、血流动力学、手术设计及器材上均面临极大的风险与挑战,一旦出现意外,患者可能因脑部缺血引起脑梗,严重者面临生命危险,主动脉弓部区域长期以来一直被视为难以逾越的腔内治疗禁区。 上海第九人民医院血管外科团队采用国际领先的激光原位开窗技术(Laser-assisted in-situ fe

主动脉夹层累及弓部分支的腔内治疗一直是血管外科的热门话题。由于涉及到颈动脉、锁骨下动脉血流的重建,无论是解剖学、血流动力学、手术设计及器材上均面临极大的风险与挑战,一旦出现意外,患者可能因脑部缺血引起脑梗,严重者面临生命危险,主动脉弓部区域长期以来一直被视为难以逾越的腔内治疗禁区。

上海第九人民医院血管外科团队采用国际领先的激光原位开窗技术(Laser-assisted in-situ fenestration),对累及弓部分支的B型主动脉夹层行颈动脉/锁骨下动脉原位开窗TEVAR治疗,在封闭夹层破口的同时快速重建受夹层累及的弓部分支动脉,不仅免去了传统开放手术创伤大风险高等缺点,更是极大推动了主动脉夹层全腔内治疗的进程。

九院血管外科累计完成主动脉夹层激光原位开窗术17例,技术成功率94%,围手术期分支动脉缺血并发症发生率0%。该项技术将在2016年6月3-5日举行的上海交通大学血管病论坛(SJVF)上,以手术录播和三维动画教程的方式进行推广和传播,以期为更多的主动脉夹层患者带来福音。

典型病例介绍:

男性患者,因“突发胸背部剧烈疼痛6小时”急诊入院。患者既往高血压病史,血压控制不佳,服药不规律。入院时血压达220/110mmHg。CT 检查确诊为B型主动脉夹层逆撕累及左锁骨下动脉和左颈动脉,传统开放手术风险较高,拟行主动脉夹层覆膜支架隔绝术(TEVAR)+左锁骨下动脉和左颈总动脉激光原位开窗治疗。


手术过程:患者取仰卧位,左侧颈总动脉解剖分离,左侧股动脉和左侧肱动脉穿刺置管。左股动脉入路置入Optimed限制性裸支架(24mm*80mm)释放于胸主动脉中段,再取美敦力Valiant覆膜支架(34mm*34cm)近端置于头臂干动脉以远,远端置于限制性裸支架内。主体支架释放完成后,立刻取Cordis P3球囊导管(5mm*40mm)和810nm半导体激光光纤从左颈总动脉置入,定位于覆膜支架左颈动脉处迅速开窗,开窗成功后球囊跟进预扩张,取Abbott Omnilink 球扩支架(9mm*59mm)置于左颈总动脉和覆膜支架内。同样方法,左侧肱动脉置入7F长鞘,在Bard rival球囊导管和激光光纤引导下行左锁骨下动脉原位开窗,取Cordis smart 自膨式支架(12mm*60mm)置于左锁骨下动脉和覆膜支架内。最终造影提示头臂干动脉、左颈动脉、左锁骨下动脉显影良好,主体覆膜支架定位良好,胸主动脉夹层消失。术中颈动脉阻断时间小于2分钟,术后患者恢复良好。


 
    术后 CT 随访左锁骨下动脉和左颈动脉通畅,胸主动脉夹层隔绝良好

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    2016-06-05 oliver169
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