Cell Rep:科学家发现一种治疗帕金森的新疗法!或将颠覆神经疾病的治疗

2018-01-28 佚名 “细胞”微信号

系统清除衰老星形胶质细胞可以预防散发性阿尔茨海默症(代表了95%的人类病例)模型小鼠出现帕金森神经病理和相关症状。这项研究发表在《Cell Reports》上,来自Buck研究所Andersen实验室的研究人员提供了一种针对这种导致数百万美国人行动控制能力下降的、难治愈的恶性神经疾病的新型治疗方案。

系统清除衰老星形胶质细胞可以预防散发性阿尔茨海默症(代表了95%的人类病例)模型小鼠出现帕金森神经病理和相关症状。这项研究发表在《Cell Reports》上,来自Buck研究所Andersen实验室的研究人员提供了一种针对这种导致数百万美国人行动控制能力下降的、难治愈的恶性神经疾病的新型治疗方案。

在压力之下停止分裂的衰老细胞会分泌有害因子,引起组织损伤和慢性炎症。在这项研究中,研究人员使用百草枯促使了细胞老化,而百草枯在2011年被正式确认和农民患帕金森相关。

“由于衰老细胞与帕金森和其他神经退行疾病相关,因此我们相信这是首次证明清除炎症细胞可以防止动物产生相关症状,”Buck教授、研究第一作者Julie K. Andersen博士说道。“我们认为我们这项在散发型模型上完成的研究表明了它可能是一种潜在的治疗人类最流行的帕金森疾病的新方法。”

考虑到该研究聚焦于衰老的星形胶质细胞,因此它是很不寻常的。星形胶质细胞负责一系列任务,包括轴突引导、联合支持血脑屏障和血流。尽管星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中最多的细胞,但是大多数神经科学研究都低估了这个细胞的作用。她说主流帕金森研究都聚焦于直接影响特殊神经元的有毒物质,“但是没有人基于这种方法提出了有效的疗法。这项研究表明衰老星形胶质细胞也许促进了疾病的发展,我们对于探索这种方法很兴奋。”

该研究由特聘教授Shankar Chinta博士和博士后研究员Georgia Woods博士领导,他们发现帕金森病人死亡组织中星形胶质细胞衰老情况增加,将人星形胶质细胞与百草枯孵育,细胞也会衰老。

该研究中使用的小鼠为6个月大,相当于36岁的人。Andersen实验室希望在小鼠不同年龄研究星形胶质细胞衰老的影响,以确定帕金森是否可以被预防以及逆转。“衰老促进的慢性炎症会导致许多年龄相关疾病,帕金森也可能是其中一种,”Andersen说道。“星形胶质细胞炎症可能在其他如阿尔兹海默症的神经退行疾病中发挥作用。这个模型给了我们新方式去拓宽我们的研究范围,以找到治疗一系列疾病的方法。”

目前迫切需要治疗帕金森的方法。据估计,全世界有700-1000万人患有帕金森。除了静止性震颤和行走、平衡困难之外,帕金森还会导致抑郁和认知能力下降,且症状会随着疾病进展越来越严重。约5%的病人是由遗传因素导致的。而剩下的95%的病人则被认为是由一系列遗传和环境因素导致,如家族病史、基因变异、饮用井水以及暴露于杀虫剂或者重金属。

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    2018-03-19 heli0118
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    2018-07-04 维他命
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    2018-01-30 kcb074
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    2018-01-28 flysky120

    学习一下知识了

    0

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