慢性阻塞性肺病初始治疗:LABA VS 噻托溴铵

2017-02-28 应颖秋;吴刚 环球医学

2017年1月,发表在《Chest》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的基于人群的比较性安全性研究考察了慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)中,长效支气管扩张剂的起始和不良心肺事件的风险。

2017年1月,发表在《Chest》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的基于人群的比较性安全性研究考察了慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)中,长效支气管扩张剂的起始和不良心肺事件的风险。



背景:长效支气管扩张剂,包括长效β2-受体激动剂(LABA)和抗胆碱能药物噻托溴铵,推荐用于COPD的初始维持治疗中。迄今为止的研究都局限于研究规模,以及研究所报道的这两种长效支气管扩张剂在心血管、脑血管和肺部不良事件的比较性风险上的结果相互矛盾。此外,在治疗何时初始、何时患者处于特别风险等问题上,几乎没有任何信息。

方法:研究人员从2002~2012年英国临床实践研究数据链中鉴别出55岁或以上的长效支气管扩张剂新使用者的队列。初始噻托溴铵的患者与初始LABA的患者根据高维倾向得分和吸入性糖皮质激素的既往使用进行配对,并随访了1年的急性心肌梗死卒中心衰心律失常和肺炎的发生率。

结果:总共26442名噻托溴铵初始使用者与26442名LABA初始使用者进行了配对,主要是单一吸入剂联合吸入性糖皮质激素。相对于LABA初始使用,噻托溴铵初始使用相关的急性心肌梗死的风险比为1.10(95% CI,0.88~1.38),而卒中为1.02(95% CI,0.78~1.34),心律失常为0.81(95% CI,0.60~1.09),心衰为0.90(95% CI,0.79~1.02)。噻托溴铵组的肺炎发生率显著性低(风险比,0.81;95% CI,0.72~0.92)。

结论:与LABA相比,初始噻托溴铵治疗COPD并未增加治疗第一年的心血管风险。LABA的肺炎风险较高,可能是吸入性糖皮质激素在真实世界临床实践所多数使用的LABA吸入剂中表现出的效应。

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    2017-12-13 amy0559
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    2018-02-06 licz0433
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    2017-05-07 tomyang96
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