JAMA子刊:“扩大基因组测序+听力筛查”在新生儿重症监护室中的应用

2022-07-13 liangying MedSci原创

扩大基因组测序结合听力筛查与听力筛查漏诊的转诊率和潜在听力损失病例数的增加相关。

听力损失——包括感音神经性和传导性听力损失,是全球新生儿常见的并发症。健康婴儿听力损失的发病率为0.1%-0.3%,而新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)患者的发病率则上升到2%-4%。2015年,听力损失成为第四大致残原因。目前,预防听力损失最具成本效益的方法是早期筛查和确定原因。

本研究的目的是评估扩大基因组测序与听力筛查、听力损失检测以及新生儿重症监护病房的改善之间的相关性。

本队列研究于2016年8月8日至2020年12月31日对中国上海复旦大学附属儿童医院新生儿重症监护室收治的8078名新生儿进行。在2021年9月1日至11月30日期间,通过电话采访对听力状况进行了跟踪。对每位患者进行听力筛查测试和针对2742个基因的扩展基因组测序。未通过听力筛查测试或基因检测结果阳性的患者在中位年龄为3个月时被转诊进行诊断性测听。

研究的主要结果是听力筛查测试遗漏了听力损失。次要结果是遗传发现和与扩大基因组测序相关的益处,用于新生儿重症监护病房患者的临床管理

结果发现,在8078名患者中(4666名男孩[57.8%];中位年龄6.3天[IQR,3.0-12.0天]),240名患者中有52名(21.7%)被诊断为听力损失。扩大基因组测序与听力筛查相结合与遗漏的听力损失确诊病例增加15.6%(45例患者中有7例)相关。在52名听力损失患者中,39名患者(75.0%)被确定为遗传因素;GJB2和SLC26A4是最常见的基因。有遗传发现的患者的听力损失程度比没有遗传发现的患者更严重,双侧听力损失更多。对于进行基因组测序和听力筛查的患者,临床管理策略有所改变。

通过听力筛查并有阳性基因发现的患者的随访结果

这项队列研究的结果表明,扩大基因组测序结合听力筛查与听力筛查漏诊的转诊率和潜在听力损失病例数的增加相关,需要识别与听力损失相关的遗传因素,以便对听力损失患者进行适当的临床治疗。重症监护病房患者听力损失与遗传因素有关。研究者推荐扩大基因组测序结合听力筛查在重症监护病房中诊断听力损失。

参考文献:Zhu Y, Hu L, Yang L, et al. Association Between Expanded Genomic Sequencing Combined With Hearing Screening and Detection of Hearing Loss Among Newborns in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(7):e2220986. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.20986

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    2022-07-14 ysjykql
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    2022-07-14 bioon6
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    2022-07-13 菜菜107

    严谨的研究设计

    0

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    2022-07-12 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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