TCT 2022:患者-人工瓣膜不匹配(PPM)与TAVR术后死亡率增加有关

2022-09-17 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

从研究的数据分析结果来看,不管是中度还是重度PPM患者,在任何情况下都不能容忍错配。

经导管主动脉瓣置换术TAVR)是当前重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者的首选治疗方式之一,其临床疗效和安全性在过去十数年间已得到了充分验证。然而,TAVR术后患者的主动脉瓣瓣口面积往往会出现不同程度的缩小,这也导致了患者-人工瓣膜不匹配(prosthesis-patient mismatchPPM)的问题。

916日,2022年美国经导管心血管治疗学术会议(TCT 2022)大会将在波士顿举行。在此次大会上,发表了一项新的荟萃分析表明,重度 PPM 而非中度 PPM TAVR 后较高的死亡风险相关。

在这项荟萃分析中,研究人员汇总了来自 23 项研究的个体患者数据,共纳入 81,969 名患者,其中19,612 PPM 62,357 名没有 PPM。该研究旨在分析比较PPM患者对TAVR治疗后的影响。根据有效瓣口面积指数(indexed effective orifice areaiEOA),PPM被定义为中度(0.65-0.85 cm2/m2)或重度(<0.65 cm2/m2)两类。

结果显示,与没有 PPM 的患者相比,中度/重度 PPM 患者的死亡风险显著升高(HR1.09 [95% CI1.04-1.14]P < 0.001)。在手术后的前 30 个月,中/重度 PPM 组的死亡率显著升高(HR1.1 [95% CI1.05-1.16]P < 0.001)。相比之下,超过 30 个月的结果在统计学上没有显著差异。

在敏感性分析中,尽管研究人员观察到与没有 PPM 相比,严重 PPM 显示出更高的死亡风险(HR1.25 [95% CI1.16-1.36]P < 0.001),但中度PPM患者与死亡率在统计学上并没有显著差异(HR1.03 [95% CI0.96-1.10]P = 0.398)。

综上所述,从研究的数据分析结果来看,不管是中度还是重度PPM患者,在任何情况下都不能容忍错配。有效瓣口面积越小,对结果产生影响的可能性就越大。因此,有效瓣口面积的大小是选择阀门时要考虑的最重要的事情之一。

参考资料

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/980929#vp_2

https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.07.013

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