AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY:世界卫生组织定义的嗜酸性粒细胞疾病:2021 年诊断、风险分层和管理更新。

2021-09-23 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

嗜酸性粒细胞疾病:诊断,风险分层和管理的最新进展

嗜酸性粒细胞病包括广泛的非血液学(继发性或反应性)和血液学(原发性或克隆性)疾病,并可能导致终末器官损伤。近日发布在AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY杂志上的一篇文章对嗜酸性粒细胞疾病进行了诊断、风险分层和管理的更新。

诊断

高嗜酸性粒细胞增多通常被定义为外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数大于1.5×10 9 /L,可能与组织损伤有关。在排除了嗜酸性粒细胞增多症的继发性原因后,原发性嗜酸性粒细胞增多症的诊断评估依赖于各种试验的组合,包括血液和骨髓的形态学回顾、标准细胞遗传学、荧光原位杂交和流式免疫表型,以检测非急性或慢性血淋巴样肿瘤的组织病理学或克隆证据。

风险分层:

疾病预后依赖于识别嗜酸性粒细胞增多的亚型。在对嗜酸性粒细胞增多的继发性原因进行评估后,2016年世界卫生组织批准了一种疾病亚型的半分子分类方案。这包括主要类别“嗜酸性粒细胞增多和PDGFRA、PDGFRB或FGFR1或PCM1-JAK2重排的髓系/淋巴样肿瘤”,以及MPN亚型“慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病,未另有说明”(CEL,NOS)。淋巴细胞变异型嗜酸性粒细胞增多症是一种异常的 T 细胞克隆驱动的反应性嗜酸性粒细胞增多症,特发性嗜酸性粒细胞增多症 (HES) 是一种排除性诊断。

风险适应治疗:

治疗的目的是减轻嗜酸性粒细胞介导的器官损伤。对于无器官受累症状或体征的轻度嗜酸性粒细胞增多(如<1.5×10 9 /L)的患者,可进行密切观察并等待随访。识别重排的PDGFRA或PDGFRB至关重要,因为这些疾病对伊马替尼的反应性很强。皮质类固醇是淋巴细胞变异性高嗜酸性粒细胞增多和Hes患者的一线治疗方法。羟基脲和干扰素-α 作为初始治疗和类固醇难治性 HES 病例已证明有效。美波利珠单抗是一种白细胞介素-5(IL-5)拮抗剂单克隆抗体,最近被美国食品和药物管理局批准用于特发性Hes患者。细胞毒性化疗药物和造血干细胞移植已被用于侵袭性形式的Hes和CEL,结果报道的患者数量有限。IL-5受体抗体苯拉利单抗的使用,以及其他靶向治疗,如JAK2和FGFR1抑制剂,正在积极研究中。

 

原始出处:

Shomali, W. and Gotlib, J. (2021), World Health Organization-defined eosinophilic disorders: 2021 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. Accepted Author Manuscript. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.26352

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​日本新增20例新冠肺炎确诊病例 累计763例截至当地时间22日晚8点半,日本各地共新增20例感染新型冠状病毒肺炎的确诊病例,其中包括一位在东京都内老年保健设施工作的男子和一位千叶县的中学教师;北海道一天内新增9例。目前,日本国内累计报告763例确诊病例,其中包括在日本感染的患者以及来自中国的游客115例、“钻石公主”号邮轮乘客及船员634例以及包机回国的侨民14例,其中死亡病例3例。截止到本月2

世卫新冠溯源调查遭质疑,最终报告3月中发布

世卫赴中国武汉调查新冠病毒起源的考察团预计将在3月中公布调查结果。

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WHO最新数据:全球21%男性已感染致癌型HPV!柳叶刀子刊:男性更应接种HPV疫苗?10年临床试验来了

THE LANCET-Global Health:全球近1/3男性感染了至少一种生殖器HPV,约1/5的男性感染了一种或多种高风险/致癌性HPV。

WHO官方确认新冠疫情风险已相当于季节性流感水平

WHO总干事谭德塞博士今天在交流会上表示“WHO相信今年某个时间会宣布新冠疫情结束。新冠病毒感染疾病大流行已经稳定下来,达到与流感相当的风险水平。

WHO新指导手册:如何缓解“阳康”后咳嗽、声音嘶哑、疲劳乏力等症状?

患者应学会放松,还应了解症状通常是相互联系的,一种症状加重会导致另一种症状的加重。

WHO发布猴痘最新报告:57个国家,6000多例,几乎都是男性,死亡3例

WHO发布猴痘最新报告:已有57个国家确诊六千多例,82%在欧洲。报告介绍了迄今为止猴痘感染的人群典型情况,该病潜伏期为三周;几乎所有患者都是男性,平均年龄37 岁;3/5被为男性行为者;W

WHO发言人:BA.2.75值得关注,但是还不能认为会导致严重感染

新的 Omicron 子变体 - BA.2.75 的检测引起了医学界的关注,因为一些专家指出,有问题的子谱系“可能意味着未来的趋势”。到目前为止,已有 10 个州报告了 BA.

WHO最新数据:全球新冠相关死亡人数达1500万,印度占1/3

截至目前,新冠大流行已经超过2年时间,期间共导致超过5亿人感染,并导致超过600万人死亡。但许多研究人员认为,新冠的实际感染人数和死亡人数要远超这些统计值。

2024 专家共识:使用全身糖皮质激素治疗嗜酸性粒细胞相关疾病

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