BMJ:全球难民逼近6000万,联合国呼吁重视女性难民的性和生殖卫生需求!

2015-12-04 Mechront译 MedSci原创

联合国报告警告说:在对人道主义灾难和冲突回应时,妇女和女童的性和生殖卫生需求往往被忽视。报告指出,目前世界各地约1亿人需要人道主义援助,其中约四分之一(2600万人)是育龄妇女和少女。然而在她们最需要性和生殖卫生服务的时候,该资源却是最稀缺的。(图片来自BMJ网站)2014年全球难民总数达到5950万,是第二次世界大战以来的最高水平。大约一半(53%)的难民来自叙利亚、阿富汗、索马里,到目前为止大

联合国报告警告说:在对人道主义灾难和冲突回应时,妇女和女童的性和生殖卫生需求往往被忽视。报告指出,目前世界各地约1亿人需要人道主义援助,其中约四分之一(2600万人)是育龄妇女和少女。然而在她们最需要性和生殖卫生服务的时候,该资源却是最稀缺的。


(图片来自BMJ网站)

2014年全球难民总数达到5950万,是第二次世界大战以来的最高水平。大约一半(53%)的难民来自叙利亚、阿富汗、索马里,到目前为止大多数来自叙利亚。去年叙利亚难民就有380万左右,相比之下阿富汗约250万难民,索马里约100万。

联合国报告称:由于灾难或冲突,3/5的孕产妇死亡发生在“脆弱”的国家,在那些国家每天妊娠和分娩导致507名女性死亡。苏丹和乍得作为世界上最脆弱的两个国家,只有23%的出生人群在分娩时都得到了卫生专业人员帮助。

报告警告说:人道主义危机也意味着失去获取性和生殖卫生服务的道路。食物、住所和照顾急性身体创伤往往看起来是危机动荡早期阶段最需要最引人注目的,性别或任何其他类型的歧视可以等日子安全了再来探讨。

报告补充说:人道主义危机的特点通常是性暴力,妇女和女孩更容易受到陌生人或同伴的强奸和性侵犯,更容易面对早婚,以及“事务性”或“生存”的性行为。

报告警告,流离失所无人陪伴的女孩是特别脆弱的。2010年海地地震后一份研究表明,地震后怀孕率比危机前的平均城市率竟然高出了三倍!约有66%的是意外妊娠。

联合国人口基金的主任Babatunde Osotimehin说:在回应人道主义上,妇女和青少年的健康和权利不应该“马后炮”似的去对待!对即将分娩的孕妇或性暴力后幸存下来的青少年女孩,救生服务如同水、食物和住所一样重要!

原始出处:

Anne Gulland.Global refugee total reached almost 60 million in 2014, highest since WWII.BMJ 2015;351:h6478

United Nations Population Fund. The state of world population 2015: shelter from the storm. Dec 2015.

Human Rights Watch. “Nobody remembers us”: failure to protect women’s and girls’ right to health and security in post-earthquake Haiti. 19 Aug 2011.

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    2015-12-17 gaoxiaoe
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847789, encodeId=bf66184e7897a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 05:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48901, encodeId=2a45489011a, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48902, encodeId=1aeb48902b0, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859583, encodeId=c2ff185958392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b1ff8068602' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合国#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80686, encryptionId=b1ff8068602, topicName=联合国)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=909c71, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sat May 28 01:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=45002, encodeId=8bed450026c, content=危机下种族更需要新生代, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 23:32:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847789, encodeId=bf66184e7897a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 05:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48901, encodeId=2a45489011a, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48902, encodeId=1aeb48902b0, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859583, encodeId=c2ff185958392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b1ff8068602' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合国#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80686, encryptionId=b1ff8068602, topicName=联合国)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=909c71, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sat May 28 01:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=45002, encodeId=8bed450026c, content=危机下种族更需要新生代, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 23:32:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847789, encodeId=bf66184e7897a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 05:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48901, encodeId=2a45489011a, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48902, encodeId=1aeb48902b0, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:31:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1859583, encodeId=c2ff185958392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b1ff8068602' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#联合国#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80686, encryptionId=b1ff8068602, topicName=联合国)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=909c71, createdName=shijzhiewnjhch, createdTime=Sat May 28 01:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=45002, encodeId=8bed450026c, content=危机下种族更需要新生代, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sun Dec 06 23:32:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-06 Gsurgeon

    危机下种族更需要新生代

    0

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