AJKD:在血液透析患者中应用telelcalcetide可降低甲状旁腺激素水平,减少相关并发症

2022-03-19 网络 网络

慢性肾脏疾病矿物质和骨骼疾病(CKD-MBD)以及继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)是需要透析的肾衰竭患者的常见并发症

慢性肾脏疾病矿物质和骨骼疾病(CKD-MBD)以及继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)是需要透析的肾衰竭患者的常见并发症。CKD-MBD主要表现为血清甲状旁腺激素(PTH)水平显著升高和血清钙磷水平异常调节,与多种不良心血管、骨骼和临床结果相关。

2003年KDOQI指南建议将PTH水平维持在150-300 pg/mL范围内。2009年,根据低水平证据,国际KDIGO临床实践指南建议将PTH目标值提高到正常上限(约130-585 pg/mL)的2到9倍,这导致美国许多血液透析(HD)设施的PTH目标值上限范围从300 pg/mL突然大幅改变。

伴随着PTH目标的增加,透析结果和实践模式研究(DOPPS)实践监测表明,在过去十年中,美国HD患者血清PTH水平高于600 pg/mL的比例从11%增加到23%。几项大型观察性研究一致表明,PTH高(≥600 pg/mL)的HD患者死亡率较高。

临床试验数据已经证明了端钙西肽(telelcalcetide)在降低血液透析(HD)患者甲状旁腺激素(PTH)水平方面的有效性。在本研究中,研究者提供了一份自2017年4月在美国推出以来的真实世界中端钙西肽的使用、剂量、有效性和停药总结。

美国透析结果和实践模式研究(DOPPS)显示,从2017年4月到2019年8月,在一项成人维持型HD患者的国家样本中有2596名新用户使用了telelcalcetide,研究者观察了钙肽起始后12个月的剂量轨迹,慢性肾病矿物质和骨病(CKD-MBD)药物,甲状旁腺激素(PTH)水平,血清钙和磷水平。

研究结果显示,从2017年4月首次使用依替卡西肽开始到2019年8月,依替卡西肽处方在HD患者中增加到6%。70%的患者开始服用依替卡西肽的剂量为15 mg/wk,27%的患者为7.5 mg/wk,49%的新用户在前3个月内服用了依替卡西肽。在起效后3个月、6个月和12个月,依替卡西肽停药率分别为9%、17%和27%。

美国血液透析患者按月开用依替卡西肽的百分比

在依替卡西肽开始使用一年后,平均PTH水平下降了40%,从948 pg/mL降至566 pg/mL,PTH在目标范围内(150-599 pg/mL)的患者比例总体上从33%上升到64%,在基线PTH 600 pg/mL的患者中从0%上升到60%,在之前使用过伊特卡西肽的患者中从30%上升到63%。

血清磷>5.5 mg/dL的患者比例从55%降至45%,而白蛋白校正血清钙<7.5 mg/dL的患病率保持在1%-2%。在依替卡西肽开始使用后的12个月内,活性维生素D(从77%增加到87%)和钙基磷酸盐粘合剂(从41%增加到50%)的使用有所增加。

血清甲状旁腺激素(PTH)平均值和目标甲状旁腺激素(PTH)范围(150-599 pg/mL)的变化轨迹

总之,本研究结果显示,在依替卡西肽启动后的12个月,患者的甲状旁腺激素水平大幅持续下降。这些结果支持使用依替卡西肽作为一种有效的治疗方法,以实现KDOQI推荐用于HD患者CKD-MBD的指南。

参考文献:Angelo Karaboyas, Daniel Muenz, Douglas S. Fuller, et al. Etelcalcetide Utilization, Dosing Titration, and Chronic Kidney Disease–Mineral and Bone Disease (CKD-MBD) Marker Responses in US Hemodialysis Patients, American Journal of Kidney Diseases, Volume 79, Issue 3, 2022, Pages 362-373, ISSN 0272-6386, https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.05.020.

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    2022-04-06 丁鹏鹏
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    2022-03-17 habb
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