EMBO Mole Med:新华医院皮肤科团队在国际上命名一种新疾病——CAOP综合征

2022-04-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创 发表于加利福尼亚

国际著名学术期刊EMBO Molecular Medicine近日在线发表上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院姚志荣教授团队成果。 该研究历时10余年,不仅发现了该病的致病基因膜结合转录因子肽酶,位点1(M

国际著名学术期刊EMBO Molecular Medicine近日在线发表上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院姚志荣教授团队成果。 该研究历时10余年,不仅发现了该病的致病基因膜结合转录因子肽酶,位点1(MBTPS1),而且发现一种参与线粒体代谢的新分子S1P,通过线粒体电子转移黄素蛋白(ETF)调控线粒体代谢。陈付英、倪成、王晓晓、程茹虹、潘超兰为该文共同第一作者,上海新华医院皮肤科姚志荣教授和李明教授、复旦大学基础医学院张思教授为该论文的共同通讯作者。

发现疑难病例,成立研究小组

10余年前,姚志荣教授接诊了一名命运坎坷的11岁小患者,全身无毛,还长满了有些扎手的小刺,口唇猩红色由于过度肿胀而外翻,身上还有很多大块污褐色银屑病样的皮疹,甲沟肿胀,更棘手的是四岁时就行了白内障摘除术,畏光、流泪,视力极差。出生以来,小男孩的父母带着小男孩,不是在求医的过程中,就是在求医的路上。姚教授接诊后,进行了初步的排摸:以往诊断的肠病性肢端皮炎被很快排除了,毛囊鱼鳞病-畏光-秃发综合征、秃发性棘状毛囊角化症、先天性粘膜发育不良……,各类少见的罕见的也都一一排除了,以姚教授的经验,应该是一个此前不被认识的疾病。新华医院皮肤科以诊断疑难罕见皮肤病闻名,特别是遗传性皮肤病,因此,擅长分子遗传学研究的李明教授、倪成医生、程茹虹医生针对该病人成立了专门的研究小组。

锁定致病基因,明确发病机制

2012年,通过全外显子测序,初步锁定可能的致病基因MBTPS1/S1P (membrane-embedded zinc metalloprotease/site-1 protease),为复合杂合突变,呈常染色体隐性遗传模式,结合临床特点,高度可疑。但是,单个病例进行遗传学研究,没有验证病例,难度可想而知。要得到国际公认,唯一的办法是深入解析其发病机制。陈付英博士、王晓晓博士、潘超兰博士等等,一个个加入,复旦大学从事生物化学的张思教授也加入这个研究。首先建立动物模型,通过建立Mbtps1-cKO 小鼠模型和mbtps1-MO斑马鱼模型,均观察到该敲除或沉默该基因可以出现类似皮肤损害,并观察到线粒体数量、形态和结构异常,也与该患者高度类似。随后通过分子生物学实验证实,S1P在线粒体高中表达,提示S1P可以作为线粒体蛋白调控线粒体功能。然而,以往从未见S1P在参与线粒体功能作用的文献报道。进一步分子生物学实验发现S1P在线粒体中和电子转移黄素蛋白ETFA/ETFB形成三聚体,进而促进ETFA/ETFB黄素化并维持其稳定性。MBTPS1基因突变后影响其与ETFA/ETFB形成三聚体,影响ETFA/ETFB黄素化,减弱其稳定性,减弱线粒体呼吸,降低脂肪酸β氧化能力,转移线粒体代谢由氧化磷酸化为糖酵解。

明确发病机制后,通过查阅文献发现,用黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD)的前体核黄素进行治疗可以增加 ETF 的稳定性,从而部分或完全恢复蛋白质功能。受此启发,先在体外证实,S1P功能缺陷的MBTPS1-KO HaCaT细胞,添加核黄素的确可显著恢复 ETFA/ETFB 的稳定性,改善线粒体代谢功能,患者服用核黄素后也改善了炎症性病变。至此,经过十余年的努力,初战告捷,团队将这一种新的疾病正式命名为白内障-秃发-口腔黏膜病-银屑病样综合征(CAOP syndrome)。

正在此时,大洋彼岸传来喜讯,美国UCSF的Anne M. Slavotinek教授和她的同事也发现一名西班牙裔类似患者,在同一基因 MBTPS1 中发现有复合杂合突变,更有意思的是,其中一个突变与新华医院研究团队的患者完全一致,她们正苦于找不到合适的验证病例而陷入了停滞。因此,她们也非常乐意把病例共享给我们,这也更加验证了新华研究团队前期研究的准确性。

新华医院皮肤科长期致力于疑难重症遗传性皮肤病的基因诊断、产前基因诊断、新的致病基因和分子机制研究、以及临床干预。该研究的完成,既是国际国内同行共同努力的结果,也标志着新华皮肤科无论是临床诊疗水平还是基础研究,都达到一个新的高度。

此外,该研究还得到了上海交通大学基础医学院程金科教授、上海市免疫研究所苏冰教授、苏州大学基础医学院秦樾教授的指导,得到美国费城儿童医院郭一然博士、复旦大学基础医学院陈舌教授的协助。

原始出处:

Chen F, Ni C, Wang X, Cheng R, Pan C, Wang Y, Liang J, Zhang J, Cheng J, Chin YE, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Guo Y, Chen S, Htun S, Mathes EF, de Alba Campomanes AG, Slavotinek AM, Zhang S, Li M, Yao Z.S1P defects cause a new entity of cataract, alopecia, oral mucosal disorder, and psoriasis-like syndrome.EMBO Mol Med. 2022 Apr 1:e14904. doi: 10.15252/emmm.202114904

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    2022-07-05 仁者大医
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    2022-04-15 zll0626
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