BMC Public Health:拥有宠物与健康状况息息相关

2018-04-18 BMC中国 BMC期刊

Megan Kiely Mueller(塔夫茨大学卡明斯兽医学院,Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine)和她的团队今天在BMC Public Health上发表了一项研究。他们利用健康与退休研究中的数据来观察是否拥有宠物和多个健康指标之间的关系。

Megan Kiely Mueller(塔夫茨大学卡明斯兽医学院,Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine)和她的团队今天在BMC Public Health上发表了一项研究。他们利用健康与退休研究中的数据来观察是否拥有宠物和多个健康指标之间的关系。健康与退休研究(Health and Retirement Study,HRS)是一项持续进行的每两年一次的纵向群组研究,覆盖了大约2万名50岁及以上的美国老人。Megan及团队从HRS中选取了1,657名成员。为了研究拥有宠物的特点,参与者被要求回答一系列问题,包括他们是否现在拥有宠物,什么种类的宠物(狗、猫、小型哺乳动物、鸟、鱼、爬行动物,或其他),每种宠物有几只,养宠物的年头等等。

参与者还被要求填写宠物依恋问卷来了解他们对宠物的依恋程度,问卷包括如下一些问题:

你把宠物当作朋友吗?你会和宠物说话吗?你觉得拥有宠物提升了自己的幸福感吗?你会和其他人聊自己的宠物吗?你常和宠物玩耍吗?你的宠物能了解你的心情吗?

研究人员还利用一个五分的自评方法评估了参与者的整体健康状况:1分表示极佳,5分表示比较差。除此之外,参与者还被提问他们是否经历过抑郁(是/否),以及他们在刚过去的一周是否经历过抑郁(是/否)。最后,还测量了参与者的轻度运动、中等强度运动和剧烈运动的频率。

狗和猫是最常见的宠物。而且,在本次研究样本中,与没有宠物的人相比,拥有宠物的人住在自有房屋中的比例更高。研究者们还发现,年纪较大的人中,拥有宠物的现象更普遍。更重要的是,大约80%拥有宠物的人都认为宠物是他们的朋友,会经常和宠物说话,认为宠物提升了自己的幸福感,会与别人聊自己的宠物,并且常常与宠物玩耍。

超过60%的狗主人会经常遛狗,这可能能够表明狗主人会保持运动,有较健康的生活习惯。不过有无宠物的人在身体健康状况上没有明显的差别。然而,是否拥有宠物可以有效地指示是否经历过抑郁。这可能意味着拥有宠物与抑郁之间有一定的关系,但是由于这次研究只是一个横断面研究,因此无法确定这一关系的方向性。

于是这就带来了一个问题:是因为人们养了宠物,于是导致他们抑郁?还是因为人们抑郁了,于是选择养宠物作为一种缓解抑郁的方式?

需要指出的是,研究发现近期的抑郁(最近一周内)与是否养宠物没有关联性。这可能意味着宠物的陪伴能够缓解抑郁症状,而若失去宠物进而失去陪伴,可能加重抑郁症状。

本文作者在文章结语处指出,尽管拥有宠物可能能提高社会互动和支持的能力,但我们需要更多研究来探索拥有宠物对于老年人来说可能的健康益处和挑战。更进一步,我们还需要更多研究优化人和动物之间的互惠关系战略的社会干预和跨生命历程的纵向研究,才能更好的理解拥有宠物对健康所带来的影响。

原始出处:
Megan K. Mueller, Nancy R. Gee and Regina M. Bures. Human-animal interaction as a social determinant of health: descriptive findings from the health and retirement study. BMC Public Health. 9 March 2018.

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    2018-07-05 shizhenshan
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    2019-01-09 仁心济世
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    2018-04-18 1e17414fm02(暂无匿称)

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BMJ:宠物猫和宠物狗:对不起主人,我并不能改善你们的健康

在不久之前,11月17日瑞典出版的《科学报告》称,养狗可能有助于人们长寿,并且对于单身的狗主人益处更高。然而在昨天12月13日《英国医学杂志》上面又刊登了一篇文章:养狗并不能帮助老人延年益寿。

BMC Psychiatry:宠物或可成为治疗心理疾病的主要手段

(图片摘自www.sciencealert.com) 宠物对我们的人生具有重要的意义,但最近一项研究显示,医生与健康机构需要开始考虑将宠物作为治疗心理疾病的手段。 该项研究指出:宠物对我们的生活质量不仅具有广泛意义上的帮助,而且还能够帮助人们缓解长期的心理疾病,这一作用在过去往往被医生们所忽视。 我们大多数人都清楚,宠物能够使我们变得不再孤单,而且越来越多的研究表明动物的存在

猫奴易患精神病?新研究打消顾虑让你安心铲屎

弓形虫是在猫科动物中常见的一种寄生虫,其与一些精神疾病,如精神分裂症、抑郁症有关。此前的研究认为。养猫会增加患抑郁症等精神疾病的风险。近日,发表于Psychological Medicine的一项研究驳斥了该观点。

Anthrozoos:养萌宠或不益于儿童健康

不少父母乐意让宠物陪伴孩子的童年时光。在他们看来,让小朋友和萌宠滚成一团不仅可以激发同情心、尊重生命的意识,还可以通过接触各种细菌微生物提高儿童的免疫力。然而美国独立研究公司RAND近期发表的一项研究结果,使得这个被国外家庭广泛接受的看法遭到了挑战。