BMJ:饱和脂肪酸摄入与冠心病风险之间相关性分析

2016-11-24 haofan MedSci原创

主要饱和脂肪酸的高膳食摄入量与冠心病风险增加相关。由于单一饱和脂肪酸之间存在类似的相关性而且相关性较高,预防冠心病的膳食建议应继续关注用更健康的能源物质替代总饱和脂肪。

最近,顶级医学杂志BMJ上发表了一篇来自美国哈佛大学公共卫生学院营养系的Geng Zong博士及其团队的研究文章,研究人员以两个大型队列研究为基础旨在探讨长期摄入单一饱和脂肪酸与冠心病风险之间的关系。 

该研究是一项前瞻性的纵向队列研究,以美国卫生专业人员为研究对象,其中73,147参与者来自护士健康研究(1984-2012年)和42,635名参与者来自卫生专业人员随访研究(1986-2010年),所有参与者研究之初均无重大慢性疾病。 

该研究的主要指标为自我报告的冠心病(n=7035)发病率,以及相关的死亡通过搜索国家死亡指数或通过亲属或邮政局报告来进行了确认,通过审查病历来确认冠心病病例。 

随着时间推移饱和脂肪酸的平均摄入量占能量摄入的9.0-11.3%,并且主要由月桂酸(12:0)、肉豆蔻酸(14:0)、棕榈酸(16:0)和硬脂酸(18:08.8-10.7%的能量)组成。12:014:016:018:0的摄入量高度相关,它们的Spearman相关系数位于0.380.93之间(P均<0.001)。比较单一饱和脂肪酸最高和最低摄入量组,对于12:0冠心病的风险比为1.0795%可信区间为0.991.15Ptrend=0.05);对于14:0其风险比为1.1395%可信区间为1.051.22Ptrend0.001);对于16:0其风险比为1.1895%可信区间为1.091.27Ptrend0.001);对于18:0其风险比为1.181.091.28Ptrend0.001);对于四种饱和脂肪酸(12:0-18:0)其风险比为1.18 (1.091.28Ptrend <0.001)

对生活方式因素和总能量摄入等多因素调整后,用不同能源物质对来源于12:0-18:0能量的1%进行等热量替换后,用多不饱和脂肪进行替换,冠心病的风险比为0.9295%可信区间为0.890.96P0.001);用单不饱和脂肪进行替换,冠心病的风险比为0.950.901.01P=0.08);用全谷类碳水化合物进行替换,冠心病的风险比为0.940.910.97P0.001);用植物蛋白进行替换,冠心病的风险比为0.930.890.97P=0.001)。

对于单一饱和脂肪酸,研究人员观察到当最丰富的16:0饱和脂肪酸被替换掉时,其冠心病的风险最低。用不同能源物质对来源于16:0能量的1%进行等热量替换后,研究者发现用多不饱和脂肪替换,其冠心病的风险比为0.8895%可信区间为0.810.96P=0.002);用单不饱和脂肪替换,其冠心病的风险比为0.920.831.02P=0.10);用全谷类碳水化合物替换,其冠心病的风险比为0.830.970.90P=0.01);用植物蛋白替换,其冠心病的风险比为0.890.820.97P=0.01)。 

由此可见,主要以饱和脂肪酸为主的高膳食摄入量与冠心病风险增加相关。由于单一饱和脂肪酸之间存在类似的相关性而且相关性较高,预防冠心病的膳食建议应继续关注用更健康的能源物质替代总饱和脂肪。 

原始出处: 

Geng Zong, et al. Intake of individual saturated fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women: two prospective longitudinal cohort studies. BMJ. 23 November 2016.

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    2017-07-04 gaoxiaoe
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    2016-12-19 1e0ece0dm09(暂无匿称)

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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    2016-11-26 1771ae4158m

    很好,学习下

    0

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