ATVB:Caspase-8通过激活炎症因子的产生促进肺动脉高压

2022-04-14 刘少飞 MedSci原创

巨噬细胞参与了肺动脉高压(PAH)的发病机制。Caspase-8(FLICE)是细胞死亡途径的顶端成分,在PAH动物模型的巨噬细胞中明显上调。然而,它在PAH中的作用仍不清楚。

肺动脉高压(PAH)是一种罕见的、致命的心肺疾病,由进行性肺动脉重塑引起,导致肺血管阻力增加,最终导致右心室(RV)衰竭。 血管平滑肌细胞(SMCs)的增殖和肥大、内皮功能障碍和细胞外基质蛋白的积累是肺血管重塑过程中的主要事件。 越来越多的证据表明,炎症和自身免疫在肺血管重塑中起着关键作用。在这个过程中,免疫细胞(包括T和B淋巴细胞、树突状细胞、肥大细胞和巨噬细胞)可以在血管内和血管周围组织中积累。 此外,某些趋化因子和细胞因子的循环水平升高,如I L- 1β(白细胞介素1β)、IL-6、MCP-1(单核细胞螯合蛋白-1)、CCL5(趋化因子配体5)/RAN-TES和TNF-α(肿瘤坏死因子α)10。

许多研究表明,IL-1β对各种心肺炎症过程的发病机制至关重要,包括PAH和动脉硬化。最近的一项临床研究表明,IL-1抑制剂可以减少肺动脉高压和房室衰竭的炎症。 在巨噬细胞中,典型的NLRP3(NOD[核苷酸寡聚结构域]-、LRR[富含亮氨酸的重复]-和PYD[含吡啶结构域]的蛋白3)炎症体途径裂解procaspase-1,产生活化的caspase-1,后者又处理原IL-1β。Caspase-8与细胞死亡的凋亡和坏死形式有关,因为当它被激活时,会引发细胞凋亡并抑制坏死现象。然而,最近的报告发现了caspase-8的新的非凋亡功能。 此外,caspase-8在很大程度上参与了通过非经典和canoni-cal途径合成和加工原IL-1β的过程。然而,caspase-8和PAH之间的基本机制仍有待阐明。本研究调查了Caspase-8对巨噬细胞中IL-1β(白细胞介素1β)激活的调节机制。

研究方法:

构建缺氧+SU5416诱导的PAH小鼠模型和单克隆抗体诱导的PAH大鼠模型,分析了Caspase-8的作用。

研究结果:

在SU5416和缺氧处理的PAH小鼠和单克隆抗体处理的大鼠的肺组织中,caspase-8和cleaved-caspase-8明显上调。与野生型小鼠相比,药物抑制caspase-8能缓解PAH,观察到右心室收缩压、右心室壁与左心室壁加心室间隔的比值、肺血管介质厚度和肺血管肌肉化的明显降低;caspase-8消融的小鼠也表现出明显的缓解。从机制上讲,肺动脉平滑肌细胞的增殖与NLRP3(NOD[核苷酸寡聚结构域]-、LRR[富含亮氨酸的重复]-和PYD[含吡啶结构域]的蛋白3)炎症体和IL-1β信号途径的激活密切相关。尽管caspase-8不影响细胞外基质的合成,但它在PAH的发展阶段通过NLRP3/IL-1β的激活促进了炎症细胞的浸润和肺动脉平滑肌细胞的增殖。

研究结论:

总之,研究表明巨噬细胞通过caspase-8依赖的典型炎症体产生的IL-1β是巨噬细胞在肺血管周围炎症中发挥致病作用的必要条件。

 

参考文献:

Rong W, Liu C, Li X, Wan N, Wei L, Zhu W, Bai P, Li M, Ou Y, Li F, Wang L, Wu X, Liu J, Xing M, Zhao X, Liu H, Zhang H, Lyu A. Caspase-8 Promotes Pulmonary Hypertension by Activating Macrophage-Associated Inflammation and IL-1β (Interleukin 1β) Production. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2022 Apr 7:101161ATVBAHA121317168. DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.121.317168. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35387479.

 

 

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    2023-03-16 gongliu
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    2022-07-13 gostraight
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    2022-04-11 yaanren

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