利拉鲁肽还是减肥药物!阜外医院学者介绍减重方法

2020-05-08 文韬 中国循环杂志

对于已发生糖尿病及冠心病的胖人而言,减轻体重,改善胰岛素敏感性,是治疗的基础。

对于已发生糖尿病及冠心病的胖人而言,减轻体重,改善胰岛素敏感性,是治疗的基础。

有研究证明,超重/肥胖的糖尿病患者体重下降5%~10%,血压、血糖、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯可降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高,患者心血管风险下降。

那么,该怎样合理减轻体重?

阜外医院陈燕燕、李晓玲在本刊介绍了生活方式干预、药物治疗及外科手术三种减重方式。

生活方式干预是目前最有效、最安全的治疗方式,其中营养治疗是基础。

饭吃八成饱可改善胰岛素敏感性,减轻氧化应激损伤。
运动能明显减轻胰岛素抵抗,并改善冠心病患者的心肺功能,降低患者心血管风险。

对于药物减轻体重,美国FDA共批准5 类减肥药物,包括包括芬特明托吡酯、利拉鲁肽、纳曲酮- 安非他酮、氯卡色林及奥利司他。

利拉鲁肽是胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)类似物,该药物不但可降糖,还有心血管保护作用,获得了广泛关注。

LEADER及SUSTAIN-6等大规模临床研究证明,该类药物能显著降低糖尿病患者的体重及心血管风险。

该类药物的作用机制包括:抑制食欲和胃肠道排空、促进外周组织的葡萄糖摄取及脂肪分解代谢、促进肝糖原合成、改善 β 细胞功能和胰岛素抵抗、改善脂代谢、扩张血管、增强心肌收缩力,及抑制心肌缺氧损伤等。

据2015 年美国内分泌学会、欧洲内分泌协会及美国肥胖协会制定的《减肥药物临床实践指南》,体重指数(BMI)≥30的患者或BMI≥27伴有其他疾病的患者应选用药物治疗。

《中国超重/ 肥胖医学营养治疗专家共识(2016年版)》提出,对于BMI ≥ 35,存在危险因素或严重肥胖相关并发症即可进行手术治疗。
2016年美国临床内分泌医师学会(AACE)/ACE 提出,肥胖(BMI≥ 30)和糖尿病患者在生活方式及药物治疗效果不理想时,可考虑手术治疗。

美国糖尿病学会发布的2017年版糖尿病医学诊疗标准将“减重手术”更名为“代谢手术”,进一步突出手术对于肥胖患者异常代谢的改善作用。

来源:李晓玲,陈燕燕. 肥胖伴糖尿病及冠心病患者的体重管理. 中国循环杂志, 2019, 34: 1130-1133.

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    2020-11-09 冷小落

    学习了

    0

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    2020-10-29 lovetcm

    #利拉鲁肽#还是#减肥#药物,可以用于#肥胖#治疗

    0

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    2020-05-08 CHANGE

    什么时候有懒人用的减肥神药?

    0

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