老树开新花!金刚烷胺新用途获FDA批准

2017-08-28 王立群 环球医学

帕金森病(PD)是一种常见的慢性神经退行性疾病,伴随治疗药物的使用,产生的运动障碍也成为了众多帕金森患者的困扰。克服运动障碍对于PD患者来说,不仅是身体的解放,更是心理上的一种解放。帕金森病人的福音来了。近日,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准金刚烷胺(amantadine,曾用名ADS-5102)缓释胶囊用于治疗在接受左旋多巴治疗的PD患者的运动障碍。

帕金森病(PD)是一种常见的慢性神经退行性疾病,伴随治疗药物的使用,产生的运动障碍也成为了众多帕金森患者的困扰。克服运动障碍对于PD患者来说,不仅是身体的解放,更是心理上的一种解放。帕金森病人的福音来了。近日,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准金刚烷胺(amantadine,曾用名ADS-5102)缓释胶囊用于治疗在接受左旋多巴治疗的PD患者的运动障碍。
据悉,这是FDA批准的首款、也是唯一一款用于此适应症的药物。

PD是由于大脑中多巴胺的丧失而引起的。因此患者通常需要使用左旋多巴治疗,替代丢失的多巴胺。长期使用左旋多巴治疗会导致严重衰弱的运动能力波动。波动分为两个阶段——“开启”期和“关闭”期。在“开启”期,病人的运动能力正常;而在“关闭”期,患者的运动能力明显下降,造成运动缓慢、僵硬、行走障碍、震颤等,极大地影响了患者的日常生活。

据统计,约90%使用左旋多巴的患者会出现运动障碍,表现为非自愿、无节奏的运动,且不可预测。仅在美国,就有约15-20万PD患者受运动障碍困扰。新药是专门针对治疗这种运动障碍的,为PD患者带来了福音。

其含有高剂量(274 mg)的金刚烷胺,每天睡前服用一次可以提供持续一天的高水平金刚烷胺,用于治疗一天中会出现的运动障碍。

此药在获批之前经过了严格的临床试验,其之所以获批也是基于两项3期临床试验的数据。在第一个试验中,患者在12周的治疗过程中表现出显着的运动障碍减少,统一运动障碍评分量表(UDysRS)得分下降37%,而安慰剂组仅下降12%。并且这一结果在第二个试验得到确认,接受此药治疗的患者的UDysRS评分下降46%,而安慰剂组只有16%的下降。

此外,这两项试验到达了关键次要终点。即接受此药治疗的患者每天功能时间(指没有运动障碍的时间)增加3.6-4小时,而安慰剂组只增加了0.8-2.1小时。值得注意的是:服用此药常见的不良反应包括幻觉、头晕、口干、外周水肿、便秘等。

“此药的获批是PD治疗领域的一个重大进展。”堪萨斯大学医学中心的神经学教授兼堪萨斯大学医疗系统PD卓越中心主任Rajesh Pahwa博士表示:“值得注意的是,这是首款在临床试验中被证明可以同时减少在服用左旋多巴的PD患者的运动障碍和‘关闭’期的药物。运动障碍和OFF时间的治疗在PD医疗管理中仍是未被满足的需求,此药的获批是朝这个方向迈出的重要一步。”

该药物会于今年第四季度上市,并在明年1月份全面开始销售。

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    2018-01-13 bugit
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    2017-09-08 虈亣靌

    临床医药学的一大进步啊

    0

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    2017-08-29 184****9840

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-08-29 榄枷檬

    谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-08-28 130****4638

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-08-28 131****2916

    不错的文章值得学习

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    2017-08-28 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅.

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