JAM Neurology:陆军军医大学大坪医院研究发现COVID-19患者认知障碍风险明显增高

2022-03-24 影像小生 MedSci原创

COVID-19 幸存者的认知障碍发生率更高,尤其是重症患者。

迄今为止,COVID-19 大流行已影响超过 4.18 亿患者,而且这一数字还在增加。COVID-19 对认知的长期影响已成为主要的公共卫生问题。SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 幸存者中引起多种神经系统后遗症,包括头晕、头痛、肌痛、味觉减退、嗅觉减退、多发性神经病、肌炎、脑血管疾病、脑炎和脑病。中枢神经系统对 SARS-CoV-2 的这种易感性引起了对 COVID-19 幸存者神经精神病学研究的极大兴趣。认知问题在COVID-19的急性和亚急性期很常见。已有研究表明SARS-CoV-2 感染与感染数月后老年人的认知能力之间存在关联。然而,感染 SARS-CoV-2 后认知变化的长期轨迹仍然未知。

大坪医院研究团队调查了老年 COVID-19 幸存者认知变化的 1 年动态轨迹。研究结果发表在JAMA Neurology杂志。

该研究招募了 2020 2 10 日至 4 10 日从武汉 3 COVID-19 指定医院出院的 3233 60 岁及以上 COVID-19 幸存者。他们未感染的配偶(N = 466)被招募为对照人群。排除感染前认知障碍、伴随神经系统疾病或痴呆家族史的参与者,以及患有严重心脏、肝脏或肾脏疾病或任何类型肿瘤的参与者。随访监测认知功能和衰退发生在 6 个月和 12 个月。最终随访共有 1438 COVID-19 幸存者和 438 名对照者。根据美国胸科学会指南COVID-19 被归类为严重或非严重。

主要分析指标是患者出院后 1 年的认知变化。第一个和第二个 6 个月随访期间的认知变化分别使用老年人认知衰退的知情人问卷和 Cognitive Status-40 的电话访谈进行评估。根据 2 个时期观察到的认知变化,将认知轨迹分为 4 类:稳定认知、早发性认知衰退、迟发性认知衰退和进行性认知衰退。多项和条件逻辑回归模型用于识别与认知衰退风险相关的因素。

在接受筛查 3233 COVID-19 幸存者和 1317 名未感染配偶中,接受 COVID-19 治疗的 1438 名参与者(691 名男性 [48.05%] 747 名女性 [51.95%];中位 [IQR] 年龄,69 [66-74] ) 438 名未感染的对照个体(222 名男性 [50.68%] 216 名女性 [49.32%];中位 [IQR] 年龄,67 [66-74] 岁)完成了 12 个月的随访。

重症、非重症和对照组患者1年随访认知轨迹

出院后12个月幸存者认知障碍发生率为12.45%

12 个月时,重症患者的认知状态低于非重症患者和对照个体(中位数 [IQR]:严重,22.50 [16.00-28.00];非严重,30.00 [26.00-33.00];对照, 31.00 [26.00-33.00])

严重的 COVID-19 与较高的早发性认知衰退风险相关(优势比 [OR]4.8795% CI3.30-7.20),

在这项针对 60 岁及以上 COVID-19 幸存者的队列研究中,COVID-19 幸存者的认知障碍发生率更高,尤其是重症患者。

原文出处

Liu Y, Chen Y, Wang Q, et al. One-Year Trajectory of Cognitive Changes in Older Survivors of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. JAMA Neurol. Published online March 08, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.0461 

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    2022-06-12 yinhl1978
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    2022-03-25 ms6903418467290158

    新冠肺炎会有很多后遗症,所以一定要认识到积极抗疫的重要性

    0

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    2022-03-22 liuxiaona
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