Clin Cancer Res:3期| 瑞普替尼治疗晚期胃肠道间质瘤的临床活性

2021-09-12 Nebula MedSci原创

瑞普替尼在不同突变亚组的晚期 GIST 患者中具有临床意义的治疗活性

瑞普替尼(Ripretinib)是一种酪氨酸激酶开关控制抑制剂,通过使用独特的双重作用机制来调节激酶开关和激活环,从而广泛抑制 KIT 和 PDGFRα 突变激酶。瑞普替尼现已在多个国家获批用于四线治疗晚期胃肠道间质瘤 (GIST)成人患者,目前,我国国家药品监督管理局(NMPA)已受理瑞普替尼(ripretinib)的新药上市申请。

大多数胃肠道间质瘤患者携带 KIT/PDGFRA 激活突变,并且最初对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 (TKI) 治疗有反应。但随着继发性突变的获得,很多患者会复发或变成难治性疾病。

3 期 INVICTUS 研究旨在表征晚期 GIST 患者的肿瘤异质性,并评估瑞普替尼在携带 KIT/PDGFRA 突变的亚组患者中的有效性。

收集受试患者的肿瘤组织和活检样本,以进行二代测序。根据 KIT/PDGFRA 突变划分亚组,并评估临床结果和 KIT/PDGFRA 突变状态的相关性。

总体上,共招募了 129 位患者,随机分成了两组,瑞普替尼组 85位,安慰剂组 44位。瑞普替尼组患者每日口服瑞普替尼 150 mg(1/日)。最常见的主要突变亚组是 KIT 外显子 11(瑞普替尼组 61.2%,安慰剂组 77.3%)和 KIT 外显子 9(瑞普替尼组 18.8%,安慰剂组 15.9%)。

在不同突变亚组中,两治疗组患者的生存率

无论突变状态如何,接受瑞普替尼治疗的患者的无进展生存期(PFS)均优于安慰剂组(风险比[HR] 0.16);在进行 PFS 评估的各亚组中亦是如此(外显子 11:p<0.0001; 外显子 9:p=0.0023;外显子 13:p<0.0001)。在携带野生型 KIT/PDGFRA 的患者中,瑞普替尼组患者的 PFS 的范围是 2-23 个月,而安慰剂组的是 0.9-10.1 个月。

总而言之,瑞普替尼在不同突变亚组的晚期 GIST 患者中具有临床意义的治疗活性,提示瑞普替尼或可为既往接受过≥3 线 TKI 治疗的晚期 GIST 患者的提供新的治疗选择!

原始出处:

Bauer Sebastian,Heinrich Michael C,George Suzanne et al. Clinical activity of ripretinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor harboring heterogenous KIT/PDGFRA mutations in the phase 3 INVICTUS study.[J] .Clin Cancer Res, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-1864

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