牛奶是发物让人减寿?协和陈伟告诉你“大实话”

2018-10-09 赵亚楠 狐大医

近十年来,关于牛奶的谣言越来越多,有人说人喝牛奶会得牛的病;有人说喝牛奶会减寿;还有人说牛奶是新一代的发物,肿瘤患者在放化疗期间坚决不能喝……对此,中国医学科学院北京协和医院临床营养科副主任陈伟教授表示:这些谣言完全没有科学依据,牛奶及奶制品对人类健康的好处,大量研究已经证明。

喝奶不会减寿,反而能降低死亡率

虽然大量研究已经证明牛奶的健康益处,然而牛奶减寿的谣言仍然时不时出来闹。2018年9月,《柳叶刀》最新发布了一项涉及21个国家13万人的研究,足以戳穿这些荒唐可笑的谬论。

研究在包括中国在内的全球21个国家开展,除了加拿大、瑞典、沙特和阿联酋,剩下的国家基本都属于中低收入国家。据世界卫生组织的数据,中低收入国家血管疾病等慢性病的死亡人数占到了全球的82%。

研究团队从2003年开始,招募到13.6万名35—70岁无血管病史,且愿意提供自己饮食信息和其他情况的参与者,进行了平均9.4年的跟踪随访。

研究发现:与不食用乳制品的人相比,每天摄入两份乳制品(一份指244克牛奶/酸奶、15克奶酪、5克黄油中的一种)的人,全因死亡风险下降了17%,心血管死亡风险下降了23%,中风风险下降33%。

儿童摄入奶制品有助于长高

大量研究已经证明,增加牛奶和奶制品的摄入量可以促进成人骨密度增加,预防骨质疏松。而牛奶对儿童长高的好处,具体表现在以下三点:

1. 促进骨骼发育。奶制品的钙含量高,可以帮助骨骼发育。

2. 激发生长潜能。长身高所需的营养素,存在于动物性食物中,奶制品作用明显,所含的油脂氨基酸和增高氨基酸的比例完备。

3. 提高骨密度峰值。儿童在骨骼成熟之前,尽可能的提高骨密度峰值,对抗随年龄增长带来的骨质疏松。

奶制品是蛋白质的优质来源

很多人知道奶制品可以防止骨质疏松,可以补钙,但是忽略了它可以补充蛋白质,是四大优质蛋白质来源之一。多摄入奶制品对于蛋白质不足的人群,特别是容易发生肌肉减少症的老年人,是非常有利的。

现在人喜欢购买蛋白粉,其实很多蛋白粉是从奶制品中提炼出来的,直接食用奶制品的效果会更好一些。

喝奶有助于管理体重

俗语说:牛奶可以让瘦子长胖,还可以让瘦子变胖,是因为了它里面优质的蛋白质。

牛奶中乳清蛋白可以更快产生饱腹感,酪蛋白产生持久的饱腹感,抑制食欲。医院常以乳清蛋白粉为基础做代餐,让人看到饭没有急迫想吃的欲望。

另外奶制品中的乳清蛋白有助于肌肉增加,帮助体重控制。对于减肥者来说,是推荐食用的。

摄入奶制品可以预防糖尿病高血压

研究显示:餐前半小时喝奶,乳蛋白和钙可以通过促进胰岛素分泌,延缓排空和减少脂肪吸收,从而降低餐后血糖反应,延后餐后血糖上升,预防2型糖尿病

另外,奶制品中钙、钾、肠道微生物等共同作用,可以减少钠的吸收,增加血管弹性有助于预防高血压

有人担心牛奶脂肪属于动物脂肪,不利于人体健康,但研究发现牛奶中的脂肪不全是坏的,它虽然有一部分是饱和脂肪酸,但很多是有活性作用的,有助于保护和维护我们心脑血管健康。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1217782, encodeId=d48c121e782b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ea66e753d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#牛奶#</a><a href='/topic/show?id=99e6e4983cc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科普#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67753, encryptionId=3ea66e753d1, topicName=牛奶), TopicDto(id=74983, encryptionId=99e6e4983cc, topicName=科普)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Sun May 08 09:29:19 CST 2022, time=2022-05-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1006096, encodeId=b8321006096d2, content=很好的科普知识,,希望大家能够多多宣传, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fedc5555760, createdName=ms3000001741732165, createdTime=Sun Aug 08 18:49:34 CST 2021, time=2021-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1389901, encodeId=043213899018c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6150359e0f4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#协和#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35970, encryptionId=6150359e0f4, topicName=协和)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2c92500045, createdName=12498636m49(暂无昵称), createdTime=Thu Oct 11 11:58:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=348682, encodeId=952634868200, content=不错的文章值得拥有哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 09 22:47:29 CST 2018, time=2018-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=348674, encodeId=61bd3486e47b, content=了解一下,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2019/12/23/2f51002e1349ccda5be11c1eea1e1e60.jpg, createdBy=a22097948, createdName=天地飞扬, createdTime=Tue Oct 09 22:01:30 CST 2018, time=2018-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-08 ms3000001741732165

    很好的科普知识,,希望大家能够多多宣传

    0

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    2018-10-09 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

    不错的文章值得拥有哦

    0

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    2018-10-09 天地飞扬

    了解一下,谢谢分享!

    0

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谁都有过任性的小时候。有人皮有人闹,有人哭有人叫,天生吃货的奇点糕则是经常馋得让爸妈又气又笑,比如狂啃玉米啊,偷吃方便面啊什么的,还有一次,奇点糕竟然一气儿喝了11袋酸奶……“撑死都不多”啊。东西吃多了,也会过犹不及。学了医奇点糕才知道,玉米放久变质了,可能会有致癌的黄曲霉素,方便面高盐高油,长期吃不利健康,可多喝牛奶多吃乳制品,应该没事儿吧?别说“牛奶性寒凉”,那谁,你当年西瓜吃得比谁都多!

Osteoporos Int:喝牛奶可补钙防骨折的养生常识是错的?

继摄入牛奶会增加瑞典女性髋部骨折风险的报告之后,2018年2月发表在《Osteoporos Int》上的一项由美国、挪威和瑞士科学家进行的队列研究,在美国老年男性和绝经后女性人群中,对牛奶与髋部骨折风险之间的相关性进行了考察。

牛奶致癌吃素治癌?陈君石院士:我没说过

谣言春风吹又生。陈君石院士特发文针对“牛奶致癌”“吃素治癌”等谣言进行正面回应。