Emerg Microbes Infec:肛门拭子也能检测到新冠病毒!

2020-02-23 朱朱 中国循环杂志

近日,中科院武汉病毒研究所周鹏、石正丽等发现,在新冠病毒感染者中,除了咽拭子,肛门拭子和血液中也均能检测到新冠病毒的存在,说明新冠病毒可能会通过粪口和血液途径传播。

目前认为,新冠病毒主要通过呼吸道传播和密切接触传播,但也不排除粪口传播的可能。
 
近日,中科院武汉病毒研究所周鹏、石正丽等发现,在新冠病毒感染者中,除了咽拭子,肛门拭子和血液中也均能检测到新冠病毒的存在,说明新冠病毒可能会通过粪口和血液途径传播。
 
而且,在感染早期,咽拭子核酸阳性的可能性更高,而在感染后期,肛门拭子的阳性率高于咽拭子。
 
研究者指出,血清学检测可提高核酸阳性的检出率,因此应该用于未来的流行病学工作中。
 
研究者收集了178例新冠病毒感染者的咽拭子、肛门拭子和血液样本。
 
在其中39例入院时咽拭子检测新冠病毒核酸阳性的患者中,研究者通过定量PCR对其血液、咽拭子、肛门拭子进行了检测。
 
经治疗数天后,15例患者仍能检测到新冠病毒核酸阳性,其中8例咽拭子阳性,4例肛门拭子阳性,6例血液样本阳性,3例血清样本阳性。
 
值得注意的是,研究者发现了这样的特殊情况:患者的咽拭子检测病毒核酸阴性,其肛门拭子或血液样本核酸检测却呈阳性。
 
在139例患者中,研究人员监测了咽拭子和肛门拭子中病毒抗体和病毒核酸的变化,详细报告了16例患者的样本检测情况。
 
他们发现,在采样第一天,抗病毒IgM和IgG滴度较低或者检测不到,但到第5天时,大部分患者血液中两种抗体的滴度均明显升高。在采样第一天,IgM和IgG的检出率分别为50%和81%,到第5天时,检出率分别升至81%和100%。
 
相反,第1天时,一半患者咽拭子核酸检测阳性,1/4的患者肛门拭子核酸检测阳性。但到第5天时,咽拭子核酸阳性率降至25%,而肛门拭子核酸阳性率升至37.5%。
 
尽管该研究团队并未从患者的粪便样本中分离出病毒,但此前钟南山、李兰娟院士团队已成功从新冠肺炎患者粪便中分离出病毒。
 
1月22日,钟南山院士团队再次报告从患者尿液中也分离出了新冠病毒。
 
以上信息均提示,新冠病毒可能有多种传播途径,这对于公共卫生安全防控有重要的警示和指导意义,有助于全社会有针对性地做好防控,切断疫情传播途径,比如,要注意保持下水道通畅。
 
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    2020-04-09 xjy02
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    2020-04-01 hxj0127
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    2020-03-06 wxl882001

    了解一下

    0

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    2020-02-24 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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