BMJ:接触射线可增加乳腺癌风险(GENE-RAD-RISK研究)

2012-12-14 MedSci MedSci原创

  近期,GENE-RAD-RISK研究表明,接触诊断性放射可增加BRCA1/2基因变异携带者罹患乳腺癌的风险。该研究是由荷兰癌症研究所发起的横跨欧洲三国(法国、英国、荷兰)的大型回顾性队列研究。旨在估计乳腺癌的风险与BRCA1/2基因突变携带者接受诊断性辐射的相关性。文章发表在BMJ上。   2006年至2009年间,研究人员共录入了1993例女性BRCA1/2基因突变携带者。试验主要通过权重

  近期,GENE-RAD-RISK研究表明,接触诊断性放射可增加BRCA1/2基因变异携带者罹患乳腺癌的风险。该研究是由荷兰癌症研究所发起的横跨欧洲三国(法国、英国、荷兰)的大型回顾性队列研究。旨在估计乳腺癌的风险与BRCA1/2基因突变携带者接受诊断性辐射的相关性。文章发表在BMJ上。

  2006年至2009年间,研究人员共录入了1993例女性BRCA1/2基因突变携带者。试验主要通过权重Cox模型来评估乳腺癌风险。此风险基于器官剂量评估和自我诊断程序的频率。为了矫正潜在的存活偏倚,分析数据时排除了在研究调查问卷完成前诊断病程大于五年的受试者。

  研究结果表明,任何在30岁前接触诊断性辐射的BRCA1/2基因突变携带者,均可导致癌症风险的增加(危害比:1.90,95%置信区间1.20-3.00)。并且,接触剂量越大,风险也相对增大。罹患乳腺癌的风险分别由四种不同的预计累积量评估: <0.0020 Gy, ≥0.0020-0.0065 Gy, ≥0.0066-0.0173 Gy, 和≥0.0174 Gy 。其风险分别相对应为: 1.63 (0.96 to 2.77), 1.78 (0.88 to 3.58), 1.75 (0.72 to 4.25), 和3.84 (1.67 to 8.79)。对不同诊断程序类型的分析显示,20岁和30岁前,随着射线拍片数量的增加,罹患乳腺癌的风险也相应增加。30岁前乳房X线史与乳腺癌风险增加相关(危害比:1.43,0.85-2.40)。敏感度分析显示,该现象与家族史无关。

Table 2

 Characteristics of entire cohort (n=1993) of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and subcohort (n=1122) of relatively recent cases. Figures are numbers* (percentage) of participants

CharacteristicEntire cohort
Subcohort†
Cohort (n=1993)Cases (n=848‡)Cohort (n=1122)Cases (n=174)
Gene:
 BRCA11290 (65)575 (68)
685 (61)114 (66)
 BRCA2703 (35)279 (32)
437 (39)60 (34)
Birth cohort:
 <1955462 (23)281 (33)
127 (11)22 (13)
 1955-61517 (26)291 (34)
224 (20)48 (27)
 1962-68508 (26)213 (25)
315 (28)70 (40)
 >1968506 (25)63 (7)
456 (40)34 (20)
Study (country):
 GENEPSO (France)716 (35)257 (30)
477 (43)37 (21)
 EMBRACE (UK)688 (35)339 (40)
408 (36)107 (62)
 HEBON (Netherlands)589 (30)252 (30)
237 (21)30 (17)
Age at menarche (years):
 ≤12725 (37)311 (37)
398 (36)57 (33)
 13595 (30)247 (29)
355 (32)59 (34)
 ≥14659 (33)286 (34)
360 (32)58 (33)
Parity:
 Nulliparous476 (24)152 (18)
316 (27)34 (20)
 Parous1515 (76)695 (82)
805 (73)140 (80)
 No of children:
  1-21111 (73)519 (75)
589 (73)104 (74)
  >2404 (27)176 (25)
216 (27)36 (26)
 Age at first birth (years):
  <24482 (32)248 (35)
225 (28)41 (29)
  24-27497 (33)224 (32)
264 (33)46 (33)
  ≥28534 (35)223 (32)
314 (39)53 (38)
 Breast feeding:
  Never441 (29)202 (29)
230 (29)34 (25)
  Ever1061 (71)487 (71)
567 (71)104 (75)
Menopausal status:
 Premenopausal1573 (79)747 (88)
791 (71)130 (75)
 Postmenopausal417 (21)100 (12)
329 (29)44 (25)
  Type:
   Natural151 (36)56 (56)
90 (27)14 (32)
   Surgical, prophylactic266 (64)44 (44)
239 (73)30 (68)

*Numbers do not always add up to 100% because of missing values.

†Subcohort includes carriers with diagnosis of breast cancer or censored within five years before questionnaire completion, with follow-up being counted only during this five year period.

‡Includes 11 incident cases that occurred after questionnaire completion; 5% of breast cancer diagnoses were ductal carcinomas in situ; for 7% type was unknown.

  这项大型BRCA1/2基因突变携带者的研究表明,即使接受远小于其他队列研究所接受的辐射剂量,30岁前接受诊断性辐射也可增加罹患乳腺癌风险。该研究结果更支持非电离辐射成像技术(如MRI)作为BRCA1/2基因突变携带的年轻女性的主要检测手段。

原始来源

Pijpe A, Andrieu N, Easton DF, Kesminiene A, Cardis E, Noguès C, Gauthier-Villars M, Lasset C, Fricker JP, Peock S, Frost D, Evans DG, Eeles RA, Paterson J, Manders P, van Asperen CJ, Ausems MG, Meijers-Heijboer H, Thierry-Chef I, Hauptmann M, Goldgar D, Rookus MA, van Leeuwen FE; GENEPSO; EMBRACE; HEBON.Exposure to diagnostic radiation and risk of breast cancer among carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations: retrospective cohort study (GENE-RAD-RISK).BMJ. 2012 Sep 6;345:e5660. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e5660.
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    2013-07-23 cy0324
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    2013-03-04 gaoxiaoe
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