新型抗凝药asundexian启动 III 期临床研究,评估其在房颤和卒中或短暂性脑缺血高危患者中的疗效

2022-08-29 拜耳 拜耳

asundexian可能具备预防卒中和急性心梗等事件的潜力,同时不会相应增加出血风险。目前正在开发本品作为预防血栓形成的潜在改进治疗选择。

2022828日,拜耳宣布启动III 期临床OCEANIC项目,评估口服XIa因子(FXIa)抑制剂asundexian用于房颤患者和非心源性缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血高危患者的有效性和安全性。

XI因子是血液中的一种蛋白质,在凝血级联反应中被转化为活性酶形式因子XIaXI因子是开发更安全抗凝药有希望的差异化靶点,因其在病理性和正常血栓形成转化中发挥关键作用,能够解耦止血与血栓形成。先天性XI因子遗传缺陷的患者静脉血栓栓塞和缺血性卒中的风险较低,但很少有自发性出血OCEANIC 研究旨在评估与当前的治疗方案相比,asundexian 是否能够保护患者不发生病理性血栓,同时不增加出血风险,进而改善患者的风险获益。通过选择性抑制因子XIaFXIa抑制剂可能代表一种全新的抗凝疗法,在预防血栓形成的同时仍然可以凝结止血,这对于修复损伤至关重要。

OCEANIC 项目启动是基于 II PACIFIC研究正向结果。IIb PACIFIC-STROKE研究 PACIFIC-AMI研究分别比较了 asundexian 与安慰剂相比,在急性非心源性缺血性卒中或急性心梗患者中的安全性和有效性。无论基础治疗如何,两项研究都表明asundexian的安全性与安慰剂相当。已经完成的PACIFIC IIb 期临床研究数据,以及先前公布的 PACIFIC-AF(房颤)研究数据4, 进一步支持这一假设,即 asundexian既可以降低血栓事件风险,又不显著增加出血风险。

McMaster大学医学副教授 Ashkan Shoamanesh 博士说:担心出血风险导致目前许多患者的治疗效果不佳,或者根本没有得到最佳治疗。在 PACIFIC 研究中我们看到了令人鼓舞的数据,表明 asundexian 可以预防血栓栓塞事件,同时不会增加出血风险。如果得到进一步确证,asundexian 可以成为一种潜在的新疗法,帮助改善治疗。

杜克大学心脏病学系主任兼心脏中心联合主管,Richard S. Stack荣誉教授Manesh Patel说: “直接口服抗凝药让抗凝取得重大进展,但仍有些患者没有接受治疗,他们需要预防血栓形成的替代疗法,IIIOCEANIC研究启动是很重要的一步,将为 asundexian作为这一庞大疾病领域潜在疗法提供更多数据。

拜耳处方药事业部执行委员会成员、研发总监Christian Rommel博士说:凭借深厚的经验和对疾病的深入了解,拜耳在抗凝领域尤为强大,为超过 1 亿患者的生命做出了重大贡献。专注于抑制XIa因子,我们正在努力转变思路,研究新一类抗凝药物,与当前治疗方案相比,该药具有改善收益风险的潜力。FXIa 的机理,以及支持asundexian安全性的 II 期临床数据使我们有信心将研究推进到 III 期。 OCEANIC研究是拜耳迄今为止开展的最大的III期研究之一。我们的目标明确,就是开发一种新的治疗方案来预防血栓事件。

OCEANIC III 期临床研究项目将从两项大型跨国研究开始,即 OCEANIC-AF OCEANIC-STROKE,预计将在 40 多个国家招募多达 30,000 名患者。

OCEANIC-AF 研究将在房颤患者中评估 asundexian相较阿哌沙班的效果。 OCEANIC-AF 研究的首要目标是确定其对预防卒中和体循环栓塞的影响。此外,与接受阿哌沙班治疗的患者相比,接受asundexian治疗的患者是否出血风险更低。预计第一批患者将于今年晚些时候入组。

OCEANIC-STROKE研究是一项安慰剂对照研究,在接受标准抗血小板治疗为基础的非心源性缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血高危患者中进行。 III OCEANIC-STROKE研究的首要目标是揭示与安慰剂相比,asundexian组是否缺血性卒中的风险更低,而出血风险不会显著增加。

这些研究都在评估每天一次口服 FXIa 抑制剂 asundexian是否能够通过选择性调节凝血途径,成为一种预防血栓形成的潜在新治疗选择。

关于AsundexianFXIa抑制剂

FXIa 抑制剂特异性地靶向作用于参与病理性血栓形成的蛋白质,但不影响参与血管壁损伤生理愈合的途径。通过选择性地调节凝血系统,asundexian可能具备预防卒中和急性心梗等事件的潜力,同时不会相应增加出血风险。目前正在开发本品作为预防血栓形成的潜在改进治疗选择。 本品为口服制剂,每日一次,目前在全球,尚无任何适应症获得药监部门批准。

参考资料

1. Georgi B, Mielke J, Chaffin M, et al. Leveraging Human Genetics to Estimate Clinical Risk Reductions Achievable by Inhibiting Factor XI. Stroke. 2019 Nov;50(11):3004-3012. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.026545. Epub 2019 Sep 27. PMID: 31558144; PMCID: PMC6824502.

2. Study to Gather Information About Proper Dosing and Safety of the Oral FXIa Inhibitor BAY 2433334 in Patients Following a Recent Non Cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke Which Occurs When a Blood Clot Has Formed Somewhere in the Human Body (But Not in the Heart) Travelled to the Brain. (PACIFIC-STROKE), https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04304508

3. Study to Gather Information About the Proper Dosing and Safety of the Oral FXIa Inhibitor BAY 2433334 in Patients

Following an Acute Heart Attack (PACIFIC-AMI), https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04304534

4. Piccini JP, Caso V, Connolly SJ et al. Safety of the oral factor XIa inhibitor asundexian compared with apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation (PACIFIC-AF): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, dose-finding phase 2 study. Lancet 2022; 399:1383–1390. Available here: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(22)00456-1/fulltext. Last accessed: August 2022.

5. NHS choices. Atrial fibrillation. Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Atrial-fibrillation Accessed March 2022
6. NHS choices. Atrial fibrillation complications. Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Atrial-fibrillation/Pages/Complications.aspx Accessed March 2022

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    2023-07-23 juliusluan78
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